0000103730-23-000013 | 10-K | XBRL Viewer | Vishay Intertechnology INC

Document and Entity Information - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
Document and Entity Information - USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2022	Feb. 17, 2023	Jul. 02, 2022
Entity Listings [Line Items]
Document Type	10-K
Amendment Flag	false
Document Annual Report	true
Document Period End Date	Dec. 31, 2022
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--12-31
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2022
Document Fiscal Period Focus	FY
Document Transition Report	false
Entity File Number	1-7416
Entity Registrant Name	Vishay Intertechnology, Inc.
Entity Central Index Key	0000103730
Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code	DE
Entity Tax Identification Number	38-1686453
Entity Address, Address Line One	63 Lancaster Avenue
Entity Address, City or Town	Malvern
Entity Address, State or Province	PA
Entity Address, Postal Zip Code	19355
City Area Code	610
Local Phone Number	644-1300
Title of 12(b) Security	Common stock, par value $0.10 per share
Trading Symbol	VSH
Security Exchange Name	NYSE
Entity Well-known Seasoned Issuer	Yes
Entity Voluntary Filers	No
Entity Current Reporting Status	Yes
Entity Interactive Data Current	Yes
Entity Filer Category	Large Accelerated Filer
Entity Small Business	false
Entity Emerging Growth Company	false
ICFR Auditor Attestation Flag	true
Entity Shell Company	false
Entity Public Float			$ 2,288,000,000
Auditor Firm ID	42
Auditor Name	Ernst & Young LLP
Auditor Location	Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Common stock, par value $0.10 per share [Member]
Entity Listings [Line Items]
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding		128,362,547
Class B Convertible Common Stock [Member]
Entity Listings [Line Items]
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding		12,097,148

Consolidated Balance Sheets - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 610,825	$ 774,108
Short-term investments	305,272	146,743
Accounts receivable, net of allowances for credit losses of $1,324 and $1,895, respectively	416,178	396,458
Inventories:
Finished goods	156,234	147,293
Work in process	261,345	226,496
Raw materials	201,300	162,711
Total inventories	618,879	536,500
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	170,056	156,689
Total current assets	2,121,210	2,010,498
Property and equipment, at cost:
Land	75,907	74,646
Buildings and improvements	658,829	639,879
Machinery and equipment	2,857,636	2,758,262
Construction in progress	243,038	145,828
Allowance for depreciation	(2,704,951)	(2,639,136)
Property and equipment, net	1,130,459	979,479
Right of use assets	131,193	117,635
Deferred income tax assets	104,667	95,037
Goodwill	201,432	165,269
Other intangible assets, net	77,896	67,714
Other assets	98,796	107,625
Total assets	3,865,653	3,543,257
Current liabilities:
Trade accounts payable	189,099	254,049
Payroll and related expenses	166,079	162,694
Lease liabilities	25,319	23,392
Other accrued expenses	261,606	218,089
Income taxes	84,155	35,443
Total current liabilities	726,258	693,667
Long-term debt, less current portion	500,937	455,666
U.S. transition tax payable	83,010	110,681
Deferred income taxes	117,183	69,003
Long-term lease liabilities	108,493	99,987
Other liabilities	92,530	95,861
Accrued pension and other postretirement costs	187,092	271,672
Total liabilities	1,815,503	1,796,537
Commitments and contingencies
Vishay stockholders' equity
Preferred stock, par value $1.00 per share: authorized - 1,000,000 shares; none issued	0	0
Common stock, par value $0.10 per share: authorized - 300,000,000 shares; 132,911,771 and 132,710,732 shares outstanding	13,291	13,271
Class B convertible common stock, par value $0.10 per share: authorized - 40,000,000 shares; 12,097,148 shares outstanding	1,210	1,210
Capital in excess of par value	1,352,321	1,347,830
Retained earnings	773,228	401,694
Treasury stock (at cost): 4,240,573 and zero common shares	(82,972)	0
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)	(10,827)	(20,252)
Total Vishay stockholders' equity	2,046,251	1,743,753
Noncontrolling interests	3,899	2,967
Total equity	2,050,150	1,746,720
Total liabilities, temporary equity, and equity	$ 3,865,653	$ 3,543,257

Consolidated Balance Sheets (Parenthetical) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Current assets:
Accounts receivable, allowances for credit losses	$ 1,324	$ 1,895
Total Vishay stockholders' equity:
Preferred stock, par value (in dollars per share)	$ 1	$ 1
Preferred stock, shares authorized (in shares)	1,000,000	1,000,000
Preferred stock, shares issued (in shares)	0	0
Treasury stock, shares (in shares)	4,240,573	0
Common Stock [Member]
Total Vishay stockholders' equity:
Common stock, par value (in dollars per share)	$ 0.1	$ 0.1
Common stock, shares authorized (in shares)	300,000,000	300,000,000
Common stock, shares outstanding (in shares)	132,911,771	132,710,732
Common Class B [Member]
Total Vishay stockholders' equity:
Common stock, par value (in dollars per share)	$ 0.1	$ 0.1
Common stock, shares authorized (in shares)	40,000,000	40,000,000
Common stock, shares outstanding (in shares)	12,097,148	12,097,148

Consolidated Statements of Operations - USD ($) shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Consolidated Statements of Operations [Abstract]
Net revenues	$ 3,497,401	$ 3,240,487	$ 2,501,898
Costs of products sold	2,438,412	2,352,574	1,919,995
Gross profit	1,058,989	887,913	581,903
Selling, general, and administrative expenses	443,503	420,111	371,450
Restructuring and severance costs	0	0	743
Operating income	615,486	467,802	209,710
Other income (expense):
Interest expense	(17,129)	(17,538)	(31,555)
Other	(4,852)	(15,654)	(11,754)
Loss on early extinguishment of debt	0	0	(8,073)
Total other income (expense)	(21,981)	(33,192)	(51,382)
Income before taxes	593,505	434,610	158,328
Income tax expense	163,022	135,673	34,545
Net earnings (loss)	430,483	298,937	123,783
Less: net earnings attributable to noncontrolling interests	1,673	967	860
Net earnings (loss) attributable to Vishay stockholders	$ 428,810	$ 297,970	$ 122,923
Basic earnings (loss) per share attributable to Vishay stockholders (in dollars per share)	$ 2.99	$ 2.05	$ 0.85
Diluted earnings (loss) per share attributable to Vishay stockholders (in dollars per share)	$ 2.98	$ 2.05	$ 0.85
Weighted average shares outstanding - basic (in shares)	143,399	145,005	144,836
Weighted average shares outstanding - diluted (in shares)	143,915	145,495	145,228
Cash dividends per share (in dollars per share)	$ 0.4	$ 0.385	$ 0.38

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income [Abstract]
Net earnings	$ 430,483	$ 298,937	$ 123,783
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax
Pension and other post-retirement actuarial items	51,310	18,167	(9,055)
Foreign currency translation adjustment	(41,885)	(51,978)	49,260
Other comprehensive income (loss)	9,425	(33,811)	40,205
Comprehensive income	439,908	265,126	163,988
Less: comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interests	1,673	967	860
Comprehensive income attributable to Vishay stockholders	$ 438,235	$ 264,159	$ 163,128

- Definition

Amount after tax of increase (decrease) in equity from transactions and other events and circumstances from net income (loss) and other comprehensive income (loss), attributable to noncontrolling interests. Excludes changes in equity resulting from investments by owners and distributions to owners.

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- Definition

Amount after tax of increase (decrease) in equity from transactions and other events and circumstances from net income and other comprehensive income. Excludes changes in equity resulting from investments by owners and distributions to owners.

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- Definition

Amount after tax and reclassification adjustments of other comprehensive income (loss).

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+ Details

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Operating activities
Net earnings	$ 430,483	$ 298,937	$ 123,783
Adjustments to reconcile net earnings (loss) to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization	163,991	167,037	166,230
(Gain) loss on disposal of property and equipment	(455)	(303)	157
Accretion of interest on convertible debt instruments	0	0	13,161
Inventory write-offs for obsolescence	26,898	20,657	22,730
Pensions and other postretirement benefits, net of contributions	(615)	2,106	2,864
Loss on early extinguishment of debt	0	0	8,073
Deferred income taxes	38,677	50,613	(12,141)
Other operating activities	7,380	16,226	3,304
Change in U.S. transition tax liability	(14,757)	(14,757)	(14,757)
Change in repatriation tax liability	(25,201)	0	(16,258)
Net change in operating assets and liabilities, net of effects of businesses acquired	(142,113)	(83,412)	17,792
Net cash provided by operating activities	484,288	457,104	314,938
Investing activities
Capital expenditures	(325,308)	(218,372)	(123,599)
Proceeds from sale of property and equipment	1,198	1,317	403
Purchase of businesses, net of cash acquired	(50,000)	(20,847)	(25,852)
Purchase of short-term investments	(285,956)	(140,603)	(293,087)
Maturity of short-term investments	132,901	147,893	250,580
Other investing activities	(1,766)	129	(529)
Net cash used in investing activities	(528,931)	(230,483)	(192,084)
Financing activities
Repurchase of convertible debt instruments	0	(300)	(151,683)
Net proceeds (payments) on revolving credit lines	42,000	0	0
Net changes in short-term borrowings	0	0	(114)
Repurchase of common stock held in treasury	(82,972)	0	0
Distributions to noncontrolling interests	(741)	(800)	(600)
Cash withholding taxes paid when shares withheld for vested equity awards	(2,123)	(1,963)	(2,016)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities	(101,023)	(58,814)	(209,382)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents	(17,617)	(13,573)	12,269
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents	(163,283)	154,234	(74,259)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year	774,108	619,874	694,133
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year	610,825	774,108	619,874
Common Stock [Member]
Financing activities
Dividends paid	(52,348)	(51,094)	(50,372)
Class B Convertible Common Stock [Member]
Financing activities
Dividends paid	$ (4,839)	$ (4,657)	$ (4,597)

Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Common Stock [Member] Common Stock [Member]	Common Stock [Member] Common Stock [Member] Cumulative Effect, Period of Adoption, Adjustment [Member]	Common Stock [Member] Class B Convertible Common Stock [Member]	Common Stock [Member] Class B Convertible Common Stock [Member] Cumulative Effect, Period of Adoption, Adjustment [Member]	Capital In Excess of Par Value [Member]	Capital In Excess of Par Value [Member] Cumulative Effect, Period of Adoption, Adjustment [Member]	Retained Earnings (Accumulated Deficit) [Member]	Retained Earnings (Accumulated Deficit) [Member] Cumulative Effect, Period of Adoption, Adjustment [Member]	Treasury Stock [Member]	Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Member]	Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Member] Cumulative Effect, Period of Adoption, Adjustment [Member]	Total Vishay Stockholders' Equity [Member]	Total Vishay Stockholders' Equity [Member] Cumulative Effect, Period of Adoption, Adjustment [Member]	Noncontrolling Interests [Member]	Noncontrolling Interests [Member] Cumulative Effect, Period of Adoption, Adjustment [Member]	Total	Cumulative Effect, Period of Adoption, Adjustment [Member]
Cumulative effect of accounting change for adoption of ASU \| Accounting Standards Update 2016-13 [Member]		$ 0		$ 0		$ 0		$ (1,070)	$ 0		$ 0		$ (1,070)		$ 0		$ (1,070)
Balance at December 31, 2019 at Dec. 31, 2019	$ 13,235		$ 1,210		$ 1,425,170		$ 72,180		0	$ (26,646)		$ 1,485,149		$ 2,540		$ 1,487,689
Net earnings	0		0		0		122,923		0	0		122,923		860		123,783
Other comprehensive income (loss)	0		0		0		0		0	40,205		40,205		0		40,205
Distributions to noncontrolling interests	0		0		0		0		0	0		0		(600)		(600)
Conversion of Class B shares	0		0		0		0		0	0		0		0		0
Temporary equity reclassification	0		0		4		0		0	0		4		0		4
Issuance of stock and related tax withholdings for vested restricted stock units	21		0		(2,037)		0		0	0		(2,016)		0		(2,016)
Dividends declared	0		0		74		(55,043)		0	0		(54,969)		0		(54,969)
Stock compensation expense	0		0		5,276		0		0	0		5,276		0		5,276
Repurchase of convertible debt instruments	0		0		(19,287)		0		0	0		(19,287)		0		(19,287)
Balance at period end at Dec. 31, 2020	13,256		1,210		1,409,200		138,990		0	13,559		1,576,215		2,800		1,579,015
Cumulative effect of accounting change for adoption of ASU \| Accounting Standards Update 2020-06 [Member]		$ 0		$ 0		$ (66,078)		$ 20,566	0		$ 0		$ (45,512)		$ 0		$ (45,512)
Net earnings	0		0		0		297,970		0	0		297,970		967		298,937
Other comprehensive income (loss)	0		0		0		0		0	(33,811)		(33,811)		0		(33,811)
Distributions to noncontrolling interests	0		0		0		0		0	0		0		(800)		(800)
Issuance of stock and related tax withholdings for vested restricted stock units	15		0		(1,978)		0		0	0		(1,963)		0		(1,963)
Dividends declared	0		0		81		(55,832)		0	0		(55,751)		0		(55,751)
Stock compensation expense	0		0		6,605		0		0	0		6,605		0		6,605
Balance at period end at Dec. 31, 2021	13,271		1,210		1,347,830		401,694		0	(20,252)		1,743,753		2,967		1,746,720
Cumulative effect of accounting change for adoption of ASU																401,694
Net earnings	0		0		0		428,810		0	0		428,810		1,673		430,483
Other comprehensive income (loss)	0		0		0		0		0	9,425		9,425		0		9,425
Distributions to noncontrolling interests	0		0		0		0		0	0		0		(741)		(741)
Issuance of stock and related tax withholdings for vested restricted stock units	20		0		(2,143)		0		0	0		(2,123)		0		(2,123)
Dividends declared	0		0		89		(57,276)		0	0		(57,187)		0		(57,187)
Stock compensation expense	0		0		6,545		0		0	0		6,545		0		6,545
Repurchase of common stock held in treasury	0		0		0		0		(82,972)	0		(82,972)		0		(82,972)
Balance at period end at Dec. 31, 2022	$ 13,291		$ 1,210		$ 1,352,321		$ 773,228		$ (82,972)	$ (10,827)		$ 2,046,251		$ 3,899		2,050,150
Cumulative effect of accounting change for adoption of ASU																$ 773,228

Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity (Parenthetical) - $ / shares	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity [Abstract]
Issuance of stock and related tax withholdings for vested restricted stock units (in shares)	201,039	149,722	212,392
Conversion of Class B shares(in shares)			261
Dividends declared (in dollars per share)	$ 0.4	$ 0.385	$ 0.38
Treasury stock acquired (in shares)	4,240,573

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies	12 Months Ended
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies	Dec. 31, 2022
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies	Vishay Intertechnology, Inc. (“Vishay” or the “Company”) manufactures one of the world’s largest portfolios of discrete semiconductors and passive electronic components that are essential to innovative designs in the automotive, industrial, computing, consumer, telecommunications, military, aerospace, and medical markets. Semiconductors include MOSFETs, diodes, and optoelectronic components. Passive components include resistors, inductors, and capacitors. Note 1 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies Use of Estimates The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“GAAP”) requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ significantly from those estimates. Principles of Consolidation The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Vishay and all of its subsidiaries in which a controlling financial interest is maintained. For those consolidated subsidiaries in which the Company’s ownership is less than 100 percent, the outside stockholders’ interests are shown as noncontrolling interest in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. Investments in affiliates over which the Company has significant influence but not a controlling interest are carried on the equity basis. Investments in affiliates over which the Company does not have significant influence are accounted for by the cost method. All intercompany transactions, accounts, and profits are eliminated. Revenue Recognition The Company recognizes revenue from contracts with customers when it satisfies the performance obligations within the contract. The Company has framework agreements with many of its customers that contain the terms and conditions of future sales, but do not create enforceable rights or obligations. For revenue recognition purposes, the Company considers the combined purchase orders and the terms and conditions contained within such framework agreements to be contracts. Payment terms for the Company's sales are generally less than sixty days. Substantially all of the Company's receivables historically have been and are expected to continue to be collected within twelve months of the transfer of products to the customer and the Company expects this to continue going forward. Accordingly, the Company does not recognize a financing component of the transaction price. Revenue is measured based on the consideration specified in contracts with customers, and excludes any sales incentives and amounts collected on behalf of third parties. The Company recognizes revenue when it satisfies its performance obligations. The Company analyzes its contracts to determine whether the promise in the contract to construct and transfer goods to the customer is a performance obligation that will be satisfied over time or at a point in time. When the Company's performance does not create an asset with an alternative use to the Company and the Company has an enforceable right to payment for performance completed to date, the Company transfers control of a good or service over time and, therefore, satisfies a performance obligation and recognizes revenue over time. The Company has a limited number of contracts for custom products that meet the criteria to recognize revenue over time. The Company's contracts contain two performance obligations: delivery of products and warranty protection. The Company does not sell separate, enhanced, or extended warranty coverage, but through its customary business practices, the Company has created implied service-type warranties, which are accounted for as separate performance obligations. Revenue is allocated between these two performance obligations and recognized as the obligations are satisfied. The allocation of revenue to warranty protection is based on an estimate of expected cost plus margin. The delivery of products performance obligation is satisfied and product sales revenue is recognized when the customer takes control of the products. Warranty revenue is deferred and the warranty protection performance obligation is satisfied and revenue is recognized over the warranty period, which is typically less than twenty four months from sale to end customer. The warranty deferred revenue liability is recorded within Other Accrued Expenses and Other Liabilities on the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. The deferred revenue balance associated with the service-type warranty performance obligations and the components that comprise the change in the deferred revenue balance are not significant. The Company has a broad line of products that it sells to original equipment manufacturers ("OEMs"), electronic manufacturing services ("EMS") companies, which manufacture for OEMs on an outsourcing basis, and independent distributors that maintain large inventories of electronic components for resale to OEMs and EMS companies. The Company recognizes revenue on sales to distributors when the distributor takes control of the products ("sold-to" model). The Company has agreements with distributors that allow distributors a limited credit for unsaleable products, which it terms a "scrap allowance." Consistent with industry practice, the Company also has a "stock, ship and debit" program whereby it considers requests by distributors for credits on previously purchased products that remain in distributors' inventory, to enable the distributors to offer more competitive pricing. In addition, the Company has contractual arrangements whereby it provides distributors with protection against price reductions initiated by the Company after product is sold by the Company to the distributor and prior to resale by the distributor. The Company recognizes the estimated variable consideration to be received as revenue and records a related accrued expense for the consideration not expected to be received, based upon its estimate of product returns, scrap allowances, "stock, ship and debit" credits, and price protection credits that will be attributable to sales recorded through the end of the period. The Company makes these estimates based upon sales levels to its distributors during the period, inventory levels at the distributors, current and projected market conditions, and historical experience under the programs. While the Company utilizes a number of different methodologies to estimate the accruals, all of the methodologies take into account sales levels to distributors during the relevant period, inventory levels at the distributors, current and projected market trends and conditions, recent and historical activity under the relevant programs, changes in program policies, and open requests for credits. These procedures require the exercise of significant judgments. The Company believes that it has a reasonable basis to estimate future credits under the programs. See sales returns and allowances accrual activity in Note 9. The Company pays commissions to external sales representatives on a per-sale basis. Accordingly, these commissions are expensed as incurred because the future amortization period of the asset that the Company otherwise would have recognized is one year or less. Internal staff are not paid commissions. The Company has elected to account for shipping and handling as activities to fulfill the promise to transfer the product even if the shipping and handling activities are performed after the customer obtains control. The Company does not evaluate whether shipping and handling activities are promised services to its customers. If control transfers and revenue is recognized for the related products before the shipping and handling activities occur, the related costs of those shipping and handling activities is accrued. The Company applies this accounting policy election consistently to similar types of transactions. See disaggregated revenue information in Note 15. Research and Development Expenses Research and development costs are expensed as incurred. The amount charged to expense for research and development (exclusive of purchased in-process research and development) aggregated $81,182, $77,377, and $70,861, for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020, respectively. The Company spends additional amounts for the development of machinery and equipment for new processes and for cost reduction measures. Income Taxes The provision for income taxes is determined using the asset and liability approach of accounting for income taxes. Under this approach, deferred taxes represent the future tax consequences expected to occur when the reported amounts of assets and liabilities are recovered or paid. The provision for income taxes represents income taxes paid or payable for the current year plus the change in deferred taxes during the year. Deferred taxes result from differences between the financial and tax bases of the Company’s assets and liabilities and are adjusted for changes in tax rates and tax laws when changes are enacted. Valuation allowances have been established for deferred tax assets which the Company believes do not meet GAAP criteria of “more likely than not” to be realized. This criterion requires a level of judgment regarding future taxable income, which may be revised due to changes in market conditions, tax laws, or other factors. If the Company’s assumptions and estimates change in the future, valuation allowances established may be increased, resulting in increased tax expense. Conversely, if the Company is ultimately able to utilize all or a portion of the deferred tax assets for which a valuation allowance has been established, then the related portion of the valuation allowance can be released, resulting in decreased tax expense. The Company and its subsidiaries are subject to income taxes in the U.S. and numerous foreign jurisdictions. Significant judgment is required in evaluating the Company’s tax positions and determining its provision for income taxes. During the ordinary course of business, there are many transactions and calculations for which the ultimate tax determination is uncertain. The Company establishes reserves for tax-related uncertainties based on estimates of whether, and the extent to which, additional taxes will be due. These reserves are established when the Company believes that certain positions might be challenged despite the Company’s belief that its tax return positions are fully supportable. The Company adjusts these reserves in light of changing facts and circumstances and the provision for income taxes includes the impact of reserve provisions and changes to reserves that are considered appropriate. These accruals for tax-related uncertainties are based on management’s best estimate of potential tax exposures. When particular matters arise, a number of years may elapse before such matters are audited by tax authorities and finally resolved. Favorable resolution of such matters could be recognized as a reduction to the Company’s effective tax rate in the year of resolution. Unfavorable resolution of any particular issue could increase the effective tax rate and may require the use of cash in the year of resolution. The amount included in current liabilities on the accompanying consolidated balance sheets reflect only amounts expected to be settled in cash within one year. See Note 5. Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Short-Term Investments Cash and cash equivalents includes demand deposits and highly liquid investments with maturities of three months or less when purchased. Highly liquid investments with original maturities greater than three months, but less than one year are classified as short-term investments. At December 31, 2022 and 2021, the Company’s short-term investments were comprised of time deposits with financial institutions whose original maturity exceeds three months, but less than one year. Allowance for Credit Losses Effective January 1, 2020, the Company estimates its credit losses on financial instruments using a current expected credit loss model. Prior to January 1, 2020, the Company estimated its credit losses using an incurred loss impairment methodology, which was not materially different than the methodology adopted on January 1, 2020. The Company maintains an allowance for accounts receivable credit losses resulting from the inability of its customers to make required payments. Payment terms for the Company's sales are generally less than ninety days. Substantially all of the Company's trade receivables are collected within twelve months of the transfer of products to the customer and the Company expects this to continue going forward. The credit loss allowance is determined through an analysis of the aging of accounts receivable and assessments of risk that are based on historical trends and an evaluation of the impact of current and projected economic conditions. Receivables from customers with deteriorating financial condition and those over 180 days past due are removed from the pool and evaluated separately. Net credit loss expense for accounts receivable was $365, $384, and $475 for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020, respectively. The Company’s cash equivalents, short-term investments, and restricted investments are accounted for as held-to-maturity debt instruments, at amortized cost. Interest income on these instruments is recorded as Other income on the consolidated statements of operations and interest receivable is recognized as a separate asset and recorded in Prepaid expenses and other current assets on the consolidated balance sheets. The Company has not experienced a credit loss on the principal or interest receivable of its cash equivalents, short-term investments, or restricted investments. The Company pools its cash equivalents, short-term investments, and restricted investments by credit rating of the issuing financial institution and estimates an allowance for credit losses based on the corporate bond default ratios, evaluation of the impact of current and projected economic conditions, and probability of credit loss. Net credit loss expense for cash equivalents, short-term investments, and restricted investments was immaterial for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021. The Company does not measure an allowance for credit losses on interest receivable. Any uncollectible interest receivable is recognized by reversing interest income within the fiscal quarter that the interest becomes uncollectible. The Company has an immaterial amount of other short-term held-to-maturity debt instruments recorded within Prepaid expenses and other current assets on the consolidated balance sheets. The Company analyzes these assets on a separate asset basis and estimates an allowance for credit losses based on historical credit loss rates and an evaluation of the impact of current and projected economic conditions. Net credit loss expense for these other short-term held-to-maturity debt instruments was immaterial for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021. Inventories Inventories are stated at the lower of cost, determined by the first-in, first-out method, or net realizable value. Inventories are adjusted for estimated obsolescence and written down to net realizable value based upon estimates of future demand, technology developments, and market conditions. Property and Equipment Property and equipment is carried at cost and is depreciated principally by the straight-line method based upon the estimated useful lives of the assets. Machinery and equipment are being depreciated over useful lives of seven years to ten years. Buildings and building improvements are being depreciated over useful lives of twenty years to forty years. Construction in progress is not depreciated until the assets are placed in service. The estimated cost to complete construction in progress at December 31, 2022 was approximately $491,500. Included in the estimated cost to complete the Itzehoe, Germany 12-inch wafer fab construction project are costs for which there are currently no contractual commitments to complete. Depreciation expense was $155,864, $159,247, and $158,117 for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020, respectively. Gains and losses on the disposal of assets which do not qualify for presentation as discontinued operations are included in the determination of operating margin (within selling, general, and administrative expenses). Individually material gains and losses on disposal are separately disclosed in the notes to the consolidated financial statements. Commitments and Contingencies The Company has commitments for the purchase of assets to complete its construction in progress as disclosed above. The commitment period for substantially all of these purchase commitments is less than one year. The Company expects to have noncancellable purchase commitments with commitment periods in excess of one year associated with its significant facility expansion programs as the programs progress. As of December 31, 2022, there are no material noncancellable commitments associated with these programs. Liabilities for loss contingencies, including environmental remediation costs, arising from claims, assessments, litigation, fines, penalties, and other sources are recorded when it is probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount of the assessment and/or remediation can be reasonably estimated. The costs for a specific environmental remediation site are discounted if the aggregate amount of the obligation and the amount and timing of the cash payments for that site are fixed or reliably determinable based upon information derived from the remediation plan for that site. Accrued liabilities for environmental matters recorded at December 31, 2022 and 2021 do not include claims against third parties. Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets Goodwill represents the excess of the cost of a business acquired over the fair value of the related net assets at the date of acquisition. Certain intangible assets may be assigned indefinite useful lives. Goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets are not amortized but rather are tested for impairment at least annually. These tests are performed more frequently whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the assets might be impaired. The Company's business segments (see Note 15) represent its reporting units for goodwill impairment testing purposes. At December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively, the Company has no recorded indefinite-lived intangible assets. Definite-lived intangible assets are amortized over their estimated useful lives. Patents and acquired technology are being amortized over useful lives of seven years to twenty-five years. Capitalized software is amortized over periods of three years to ten years, primarily included in costs of products sold on the consolidated statements of operations. Customer relationships are amortized over useful lives of five years to twenty years. Noncompete agreements are amortized over periods of three years to ten years. The Company continually evaluates the reasonableness of the useful lives of these assets. GAAP prescribes a quantitative method for determining goodwill impairment. The Company has the option of performing a qualitative assessment before performing the quantitative impairment test. If it is determined, on the basis of qualitative factors, that the fair value of the reporting unit is not more likely than not less than the carrying amount, the quantitative impairment test is not required. If it is determined that the fair value of the reporting unit is more likely than not less than the carrying amount, the quantitative impairment test is required. The Company determines the fair value of the reporting unit and compares that fair value to the net book value of the reporting unit. The fair value of the reporting unit is determined using various valuation techniques, including a comparable companies market multiple approach and a discounted cash flow analysis (an income approach). If the net book value of the reporting unit were to exceed the fair value, the Company would recognize an impairment charge. Impairment of Long-Lived Assets The carrying value of long-lived assets held-and-used, other than goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets, is evaluated when events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying value may not be recoverable or the useful life has changed. The carrying value of a long-lived asset group is considered impaired when the total projected undiscounted cash flows from such asset group are separately identifiable and are less than the carrying value. In that event, a loss is recognized based on the amount by which the carrying value exceeds the fair market value of the long-lived asset group. Fair market value is determined primarily using present value techniques based on projected cash flows from the asset group. Losses on long-lived assets held-for-sale, other than goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets, are determined in a similar manner, except that fair market values are reduced for anticipated disposal costs. Available-for-Sale Securities Short-term investments and other assets reported on the accompanying consolidated balance sheets include time deposits with financial institutions whose original maturity exceeds three months, but less than one year that are classified as held-to-maturity instruments, and investments in marketable securities that are classified as available-for-sale instruments. The available-for-sale instruments include assets that are held in trust related to the Company’s non-qualified pension and deferred compensation plans (see Note 11) and assets that are intended to fund a portion of the Company’s other postretirement benefit obligations outside of the U.S. These assets are reported at fair value, based on quoted market prices as of the end of the reporting period. Unrealized gains and losses are reported as Other Income (Expense) on the consolidated statements of operations. At the time of sale, the assets that are held in trust related to the Company’s non-qualified pension and deferred compensation plans, any gains (losses) calculated by the specific identification method are recognized as a reduction (increase) to benefits expense, within selling, general, and administrative expenses. Financial Instruments The Company uses financial instruments in the normal course of its business, including from time to time, derivative financial instruments. Additionally, from time to time, the Company enters into contracts that are not considered derivative financial instruments in their entirety, but that include embedded derivative features. Other financial instruments include cash and cash equivalents, held-to-maturity short-term investments, accounts receivable, and notes payable. The carrying amounts of these financial instruments reported on the accompanying consolidated balance sheets approximate their fair values due to the short-term nature of these assets and liabilities. The fair value measurement accounting guidance establishes a valuation hierarchy of the inputs used to measure fair value. This hierarchy prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value into three broad levels. The following is a brief description of those three levels: Level 1: Observable inputs such as quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. Level 2: Inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly. These include quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets and quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active. Level 3: Unobservable inputs that reflect the Company’s own assumptions. An asset or liability’s classification within the hierarchy is determined based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement. Stock-Based Compensation Compensation costs related to stock-based payment transactions are recognized in the consolidated financial statements. The amount of compensation cost is measured based on the grant-date fair value of the equity (or liability) instruments issued. The Company determines compensation cost for restricted stock units ("RSUs") and phantom stock units based on the grant-date fair value of the underlying common stock adjusted for expected dividends paid over the required vesting period for non-participating awards. Compensation cost is recognized over the period that an officer, employee, or non-employee director is required to provide service in exchange for the award. For awards subject to graded vesting, the Company recognizes expense over the service period for each separately vesting portion of the award as if the award was, in-substance, multiple awards. The Company recognizes compensation cost for RSUs that are expected to vest and records cumulative adjustments in the period that the expectation changes. Foreign Currency Translation The Company has significant operations outside of the United States. The Company finances its operations in Europe and certain locations in Asia in local currencies, and accordingly, these subsidiaries utilize the local currency as their functional currency. The Company’s operations in Israel and most significant locations in Asia are largely financed in U.S. dollars, and accordingly, these subsidiaries utilize the U.S. dollar as their functional currency. For those subsidiaries where the local currency is the functional currency, assets and liabilities on the accompanying consolidated balance sheets have been translated at the rate of exchange as of the balance sheet date. Translation adjustments do not impact the consolidated results of operations and are reported as a separate component of stockholders’ equity. Revenues and expenses are translated at the average exchange rate for the year. While the translation of revenues and expenses into U.S. dollars does not directly impact the statement of operations, the translation effectively increases or decreases the U.S. dollar equivalent of revenues generated and expenses incurred in those foreign currencies. For those foreign subsidiaries where the U.S. dollar is the functional currency, all foreign currency financial statement amounts are remeasured into U.S. dollars. Exchange gains and losses arising from remeasurement of foreign currency-denominated monetary assets and liabilities are included in the consolidated results of operations. Treasury Stock The Company records treasury stock at cost, inclusive of fees, commissions and other expenses, when outstanding common shares are repurchased. Self-Insurance Programs The Company uses a combination of insurance and self-insurance mechanisms to provide for the potential liabilities for workers’ compensation, general liability, property damage, director and officers’ liability, and vehicle liability. As part of its self-insurance program for certain risks, the Company created a wholly-owned captive insurance entity in 2007. At December 31, 2022, the captive insurance entity provides only property and general liability insurance, although it is licensed to also provide directors’ and officers’ insurance. The captive insurance entity had no amounts accrued for outstanding claims at December 31, 2022 and 2021. Certain investments held by the captive insurance entity are restricted primarily for the purpose of potential insurance claims. Such amounts are recorded in other noncurrent assets, and total $9,352 and $9,153 at December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively, representing required statutory reserves of the captive insurance entity. Leases The Company leases buildings and machinery and equipment used for manufacturing and/or sales and administrative purposes. The Company is also party to various service, warehousing, and other agreements that it evaluates for potential embedded leases. Substantially all of the Company’s leases are structured and classified as operating leases. The Company leases assets in each region in which it operates. The Company’s leases are generally denominated in the currency of the leased assets' location, which may not be the functional currency of the subsidiary lessee. Accordingly, the Company remeasures its lease liability and recognizes a transactional gain/loss for leases denominated in currencies other than the functional currency of the subsidiary lessee. The Company recognizes right of use assets and lease liabilities for leases greater than twelve months in duration based on the contract consideration for lease components through the term of the lease and the applicable discount rate. Leases with a duration less than or equal to twelve months are considered short-term leases. The Company does not recognize right of use assets or lease liabilities for short-term leases and classifies the expense as short-term lease expense. Variable lease payments based on an index or rate are included in the right of use assets and lease liabilities based on the effective rates at lease commencement. Changes in the rates or indices do not impact the right of use asset or lease liability and are recognized as a component of lease expense in the consolidated statements of operations. Variable lease payments not based on an index or rate are not included in the initial right of use asset and lease liability and are recognized when incurred as a component of lease expense in the consolidated statements of operations. The Company has elected to not separate contract consideration for lease and non-lease components for its building leases. In addition to the noncancellable period of a lease, the Company includes periods covered by extension options it is reasonably certain to exercise, termination options that it is reasonably certain not to exercise, and extension and termination options controlled by the lessor in its determination of the lease term. The Company uses the rate implicit in the contract whenever possible when determining the applicable discount rate. When the implicit rate is not used, the Company employs a portfolio approach based on the duration of the lease. The portfolio lease rates are calculated monthly. No individual lease is considered significant and there are no leases that have not yet commenced that are considered significant. See Note 4. Restructuring and Severance Costs Restructuring and severance costs reflect charges resulting from cost reduction programs implemented by the Company. Restructuring and severance costs include exit costs, severance benefits pursuant to an on-going arrangement, voluntary termination compensation under a defined program, and any related pension curtailment and settlement charges. The Company recognizes expense for one-time benefits only after management has committed to a plan, the plan is sufficiently detailed to provide the number, classification, and location of employees to be terminated as well as the expected completion date, the plan has been sufficiently communicated to employees such that they are able to determine the type and amount of benefits they will receive if terminated, and it is unlikely that the plan will be significantly changed or withdrawn. If an employee is not required to render service beyond a minimum retention period, the Company recognizes expense once the aforementioned criteria have been met. If an employee is required to render service beyond a minimum retention period, the Company recognizes expense over the period that the employee is required to render future service. The Company recognizes expense for on-going benefit arrangements when the liability is reasonably estimable and considered probable. The Company recognizes expense for voluntary separation / early retirement when the employee delivers an irrevocable voluntary termination notice pursuant to a defined Company program. The Company recognizes other exit costs as incurred. The Company paid cash of $11,474 in the year ended December 31, 2021 due to a restructuring program announced in 2019. The program was substantially completed as of December 31, 2021. Reclassifications Certain prior year amounts have been reclassified to conform with current year presentation. Such reclassifications had no effect on reported net earnings attributable to Vishay stockholders, total assets, stockholders' equity, or the statements of cash flows.

Acquisition and Divestiture Activities	12 Months Ended
Acquisition and Divestiture Activities	Dec. 31, 2022
Acquisition and Divestiture Activities [Abstract]
Acquisition and Divestiture Activities	Note 2 - Acquisition and Divestiture Activities As part of its growth strategy, the Company seeks to expand through targeted acquisitions of other manufacturers of electronic components. These acquisition targets include businesses that have established positions in major markets, reputations for product quality and reliability, and product lines with which the Company has substantial marketing and technical expertise. It also includes certain businesses that possess technologies which the Company expects to further develop and commercialize. Year ended December 31, 2022 On October 28, 2022, the Company acquired all of the outstanding equity interests of MaxPower Semiconductor, Inc., ("MaxPower"), a San Jose, California-based fabless power semiconductor provider dedicated to delivering innovative and cost-effective technologies that optimize power management solutions. The acquisition of MaxPower will enhance Vishay's current and future silicon carbide ("SiC") offerings for fast-growing markets such as electric vehicles. The Company paid cash of $50,000, net of cash acquired, at closing. Related to the transaction, the Company may also be required to make certain contingent payments of up to $57,500, which would be payable upon the achievement of certain technology milestones, upon favorable resolution of certain technology licensing matters with a third party, and upon the disposition of MaxPower's investment in an equity affiliate. The purchase price for U.S. GAAP purposes includes the fair value, as of the acquisition date, of certain future contingent payments to non-employee equity holders of MaxPower. The estimated fair value of this contingent consideration as of the acquisition date was $6,851. The contingent consideration liability is included in other accrued expenses and other liabilities in the accompanying balance sheet and is remeasured each reporting period, with changes reported as selling, general, and administrative expenses on the consolidated statement of operations. See Note 18 for further discussion on the fair value measurement. A portion of contingent payments to be made to employee equity holders are deemed compensatory in nature. Such payments made to employee equity holders will be recognized as expense in future periods, and thus are not included in the U.S. GAAP purchase price. Based on an estimate of their fair values pending finalization of an independent appraisal, the Company allocated $18,600 of the purchase price to definite-lived intangible assets. After allocating the purchase price to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on a preliminary estimation of their fair values at the date of acquisition, the Company recorded goodwill of $36,885 related to this acquisition. The results and operation of this acquisition have been included in the MOSFETs segment since October 28, 2022. The goodwill related to this acquisition will be included in the MOSFETs reporting unit for goodwill impairment testing. The purchase price allocation for this acquisition is considered preliminary as the Company is awaiting further information about the contingent payments, the finalization of an independent appraisal, and the finalization of a net working capital adjustment. Year ended December 31, 2021 On December 31, 2021, the Company acquired substantially all of the U.S. assets of Barry Industries, a Massachusetts-based, privately-held manufacturer of resistive components for $20,847. Based on an estimate of their fair values, the Company allocated $9,600 of the purchase price to definite-lived intangible assets. After allocating the purchase price to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on an estimation of their fair values at the date of acquisition, the Company recorded goodwill of $7,813 related to this acquisition. The results and operations of this acquisition have been included in the Resistors segment since December 31, 2021. The goodwill related to this acquisition is included in the Resistors reporting unit for goodwill impairment testing. Year ended December 31, 2020 On October 1, 2020, the Company acquired the worldwide business and substantially all of the U.S. assets of Applied Thin-Film Products, a California-based, privately-held manufacturer of custom, build-to-print thin film substrates for the microwave, fiber optic, and life science industries. Concurrently, a Chinese subsidiary of Applied Thin-Film Products entered into an agreement to sell certain inventory and equipment to a subsidiary of Vishay, which was completed on June 30, 2021. The total acquisition price was $25,852. Based on an estimate of their fair values, the Company allocated $10,800 of the purchase price to definite-lived intangible assets. After allocating the purchase price to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on an estimation of their fair values at the date of acquisition, the Company recorded goodwill of $6,548 related to this acquisition. The results and operations of this acquisition have been included in the Resistors segment since October 1, 2020. The goodwill related to this acquisition is included in the Resistors reporting unit for goodwill impairment testing. Had these acquisitions occurred as of the beginning of the periods presented in these consolidated financial statements, the pro forma statements of operations would not be materially different than the consolidated statements of operations presented.

Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2022

Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets [Abstract]

Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets

Note 3 – Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets

The Company performs its annual goodwill impairment test as of the first day of the fiscal fourth quarter. No impairment was identified as a result of the Company's annual impairment tests for 2022, 2021, and 2020.

The changes in the carrying amount of goodwill by segment for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021 were as follows:

	MOSFETs		Optoelectronic Components		Resistors			Inductors		Total

Balance at December 31, 2020	$	-	$	96,849	$	35,519		$	25,815	$	158,183
Barry Industries acquisition		-		-		7,813			-		7,813
Exchange rate effects		-		-		(727	)		-		(727	)
Balance at December 31, 2021	$	-	$	96,849	$	42,605		$	25,815	$	165,269
MaxPower acquisition		36,885		-		-			-		36,885
Exchange rate effect		-		-		(722	)		-		(722	)
Balance at December 31, 2022	$	36,885	$	96,849	$	41,883		$	25,815	$	201,432

Other intangible assets are as follows:

	December 31, 2022			December 31, 2021

Intangible assets subject to amortization:
Patents and acquired technology	$	26,988		$	21,207
Capitalized software		58,735			57,909
Customer relationships		82,816			75,190
Tradenames		22,933			20,066
Other		400			400
		191,872			174,772
Accumulated amortization:
Patents and acquired technology		(14,743	)		(14,212	)
Capitalized software		(53,348	)		(52,729	)
Customer relationships		(33,021	)		(29,531	)
Tradenames		(12,731	)		(10,586	)
Other		(133	)		-
		(113,976	)		(107,058	)
Net intangible assets subject to amortization	$	77,896		$	67,714

Amortization expense (excluding capitalized software) was $8,127, $7,790, and $8,113, for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020, respectively.

Estimated annual amortization expense of intangible assets on the balance sheet at December 31, 2022 for each of the next five years is as follows:

2023	$	9,833
2024		9,537
2025		9,100
2026		8,314
2027		6,493

Leases

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2022

Leases [Abstract]

Leases

Note 4 – Leases

The net right of use assets and lease liabilities recognized on the consolidated balance sheets for the Company's operating leases as of December 31, 2022 and 2021 are presented below:

	December 31, 2022		December 31, 2021
Right of use assets
Operating Leases
Buildings and improvements	$	126,933	$	112,951
Machinery and equipment		4,260		4,684
Total	$	131,193	$	117,635
Current lease liabilities
Operating Leases
Buildings and improvements	$	22,926	$	20,851
Machinery and equipment		2,393		2,541
Total	$	25,319	$	23,392
Long-term lease liabilities
Operating Leases
Buildings and improvements	$	106,693	$	97,890
Machinery and equipment		1,800		2,097
Total	$	108,493	$	99,987
Total lease liabilities	$	133,812	$	123,379

Lease expense is classified in the statements of operations based on asset use. Total lease cost recognized on the consolidated statements of operations is as follows:

	Years ended December 31,
	2022		2021		2020
Lease expense
Operating lease expense	$	25,606	$	24,853	$	23,363
Short-term lease expense		971		2,031		930
Variable lease expense		365		359		248
Total lease expense	$	26,942	$	27,243	$	24,541

The Company paid $24,074, $23,899, and $23,814 for its operating leases during the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020, respectively, which are included in operating cash flows on the consolidated statements of cash flows. The weighted-average remaining lease term for the Company's operating leases is 9.8 years and the weighted-average discount rate is 6.0% as of December 31, 2022.

The undiscounted future lease payments for the Company's operating lease liabilities are as follows:

2023	$	25,067
2024		22,891
2025		19,687
2026		16,989
2027		15,766
Thereafter		70,747

The undiscounted future lease payments presented in the table above include payments through the term of the lease, which may include periods beyond the noncancellable term. The difference between the total payments above and the lease liability balance is due to the discount rate used to calculate lease liabilities.

Income Taxes

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2022

Income Taxes [Abstract]

Income Taxes

Note 5 – Income Taxes

Changes in Tax Laws and Regulations

Israel

Effective November 15, 2021, Israel enacted changes in its tax laws. As a direct result of this change in tax law, the Company made the determination during the fourth fiscal quarter of 2021 that substantially all unremitted foreign earnings in Israel were no longer indefinitely reinvested. The Company recorded additional tax expense of $53,316 during the fourth fiscal quarter of 2021 to accrue the claw-back tax on applicable earnings and withholding taxes necessary to distribute these approximately $385,000 of accumulated earnings to the United States. The Company repatriated $81,243 to the United States in 2022 pursuant to this repatriation program. The Company paid withholding taxes, foreign taxes, and Israeli clawback taxes of $25,201 due to the repatriation.

United States

On December 22, 2017, the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the "TCJA") was enacted in the United States.

Under previous law, companies could indefinitely defer U.S. income taxation on unremitted foreign earnings. The TCJA imposed a one-time transition tax on deferred foreign earnings, payable in defined increments over eight years. Installments of $14,757 were paid in each of 2022, 2021, 2020, 2019, and 2018.

The Company expects future installment payments as follows:

2023	$	27,670
2024		36,893
2025		46,117

The U.S. Internal Revenue Service continues to issue regulations to address the provisions of the TCJA. During 2021, the Company amended tax returns for 2018 and 2019 and recognized tax benefits of $8,276 as a result of changes in tax regulations, by making an election regarding Global Intangible Low-Taxed Income (“GILTI”). The Company has elected to account for GILTI tax in the period in which it is incurred and, therefore, does not provide any deferred taxes in the consolidated financial statements at December 31, 2022, 2021, or 2020.

The Company repatriated $104,091 to the United States in 2020 pursuant to the repatriation program initiated in response to the enactment of the TCJA. Tax expense for the repatriation transaction was substantially recorded in 2017 upon enactment of the TCJA.

Change in Indefinite Reversal Assertion

The Company made the determination during the fourth fiscal quarter of 2022 that substantially all unremitted earnings in Germany are no longer indefinitely reinvested. Additional tax expense was recorded during the fourth fiscal quarter of 2022 to accrue the $59,642 of withholding taxes necessary to distribute these approximately $360,000 of accumulated earnings to the United States.

These changes in this indefinite reinvestment assertion provide greater access to the Company's worldwide cash balances to fund its growth plan and its Stockholder Return Policy. While the change in assertion provides access to these balances, these amounts will be repatriated only as needed. The withholding taxes associated with any distribution to the United States is payable upon distribution.

There are amounts of unremitted foreign earnings in countries other than Israel and Germany, which continue to be reinvested indefinitely, and the Company has made no provision for incremental foreign income taxes and withholding taxes payable to foreign jurisdictions related to these amounts. Determination of the amount of the unrecognized deferred foreign tax liability for these amounts is not practicable because of the complexities associated with its hypothetical calculation.

Income (loss) before taxes consists of the following components:

	Years ended December 31,
	2022		2021		2020

Domestic	$	132,426	$	62,921	$	(25,884	)
Foreign		461,079		371,689		184,212
	$	593,505	$	434,610	$	158,328

Significant components of income taxes are as follows:

	Years ended December 31,
	2022			2021		2020

Current:
Federal	$	24,423		$	2,336	$	7,327
State and local		3,313			466		218
Foreign		121,810			82,258		55,399
		149,546			85,060		62,944
Deferred:
Federal		(40,136	)		554		(6,068	)
State and local		532			383		(538	)
Foreign		53,080			49,676		(21,793	)
		13,476			50,613		(28,399	)
Total income tax expense	$	163,022		$	135,673	$	34,545

Deferred income taxes reflect the net tax effects of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts for income tax purposes. Significant components of the Company’s deferred tax assets and liabilities are as follows:

	December 31,
	2022			2021

Deferred tax assets:
Pension and other retiree obligations	$	29,327		$	50,069
Inventories		21,040			17,168
Net operating loss carryforwards		82,498			115,200
Tax credit carryforwards		53,145			76,213
Other accruals and reserves		37,634			29,332
Total gross deferred tax assets		223,644			287,982
Less valuation allowance		(101,169	)		(186,204	)
		122,475			101,778
Deferred tax liabilities:
Property and equipment		(8,307	)		(1,514	)
Tax deductible goodwill		(6,144	)		(5,412	)
Earnings not indefinitely reinvested		(113,661	)		(67,172	)
Other - net		(6,879	)		(1,646	)
Total gross deferred tax liabilities		(134,991	)		(75,744	)

Net deferred tax assets (liabilities)	$	(12,516	)	$	26,034

The Company makes significant judgments regarding the realizability of its deferred tax assets (principally net operating losses and tax credits). The carrying value of deferred tax assets is based on the Company’s assessment that it is more likely than not that the Company will realize these assets after consideration of all available positive and negative evidence.

A reconciliation of income tax expense at the U.S. federal statutory income tax rate to actual income tax provision is as follows:

	Years ended December 31,
	2022			2021			2020

Tax at statutory rate	$	124,636		$	91,268		$	33,249
State income taxes, net of U.S. federal tax benefit		3,038			671			(252	)
Effect of foreign operations		13,422			5,521			(9,896	)
Tax on earnings not indefinitely reinvested		71,141			54,648			4,227
Unrecognized tax benefits		(4,699	)		1,318			4,351
Change in valuation allowance on deferred tax assets		(58,696	)		(14,921	)		-
Foreign income taxable in the U.S.		14,925			9,532			7,675
Foreign tax credit		(20,408	)		(9,477	)		(3,520	)
U.S. Base Erosion Anti-Abuse Tax		20,918			9,134			750
Change in U.S. tax regulations		-			(8,276	)		-
Other		(1,255	)		(3,745	)		(2,039	)
Total income tax expense	$	163,022		$	135,673		$	34,545

The change in valuation allowance on deferred tax assets includes the utilization of a foreign tax credit carryforward from prior years that previously had a valuation allowance.

Vishay operates in a global environment with significant operations in various locations outside the United States. Accordingly, the consolidated income tax rate is a composite rate reflecting our earnings and the applicable tax rates in the various locations where we operate. Part of Vishay's historical strategy has been to achieve cost savings through the transfer and expansion of manufacturing operations to countries where it can take advantage of lower labor costs and available tax and other government-sponsored incentives. With the reduction in the U.S. statutory rate to 21% beginning January 1, 2018, Vishay expects that its effective tax rate will be higher than the U.S. statutory rate, excluding unusual transactions. Historically, the effective tax rates were generally less than the U.S. statutory rate of 35% primarily because of earnings in foreign jurisdictions.

Income tax expense for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020 includes certain discrete tax items for changes in uncertain tax positions, valuation allowances, tax rates, and other related items. These items total $20,032, $39,326, and $1,998 in 2022, 2021, and 2020, respectively.

For the year ended December 31, 2022, the discrete items include tax expense of $59,642 due to the Company's change in its assertion that earnings of its subsidiaries in Germany are indefinitely reinvested, tax benefits of $5,941 for changes in uncertain tax positions following the resolution of a tax audit and a $33,669 tax benefit recognized upon the release of a valuation allowance.

For the year ended December 31, 2021, the discrete items include $53,316 of tax expense recognized to accrue the claw-back and withholding taxes to repatriate unremitted foreign earnings from Israel, a $5,714 tax benefit recognized upon the release of a valuation allowance and $8,276 of tax benefits recognized due to changes in tax regulations.

For the year ended December 31, 2020, the discrete items include a tax benefit of $1,563 resulting from the early extinguishment of convertible senior debentures, reflecting the reduction in deferred tax liabilities related to the special tax attributes of the debentures and $190 (tax benefit) of adjustments to remeasure deferred taxes related to the cash repatriation program described above, and $3,751 of tax expense for changes in uncertain tax positions.

At December 31, 2022, the Company had the following significant net operating loss carryforwards for tax purposes:

			Expires
Austria	$	4,319	No expiration
Belgium		149,864	No expiration
Israel		8,024	No expiration
Japan		4,710		2025 - 2030
Netherlands		9,947	No expiration
The Republic of China (Taiwan)		13,741		2026 - 2028

California		19,650		2028 - 2041
Pennsylvania		585,446		2023 - 2042

At December 31, 2022, the Company had the following significant tax credit carryforwards available:

			Expires
U.S. Foreign Tax Credit	$	34,089		2028 - 2030
California Research Credit		18,902	No expiration

Net income taxes paid were $134,199, $79,106, and $69,706 for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020, respectively. Net income taxes paid for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2020 include $25,201 and $16,258, respectively, for repatriation activity. Net income taxes paid also includes $14,757 in each period presented for the TCJA transition tax.

The following table summarizes changes in the liabilities associated with unrecognized tax benefits:

	Years ended December 31,
	2022			2021			2020

Balance at beginning of year	$	26,719		$	40,652		$	36,868
Addition based on tax positions related to the current year		-			141			663
Addition based on tax positions related to prior years		3,197			1,037			8,358
Currency translation adjustments		(366	)		(523	)		1,361
Reduction based on tax positions related to prior years		-			(13,154	)		(3,152	)
Reduction for settlements		(9,420	)		(982	)		(3,446	)
Reduction for lapses of statute of limitation		(1,701	)		(452	)		-
Balance at end of year	$	18,429		$	26,719		$	40,652

All of the unrecognized tax benefits of $18,429 and $26,719, as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively, would reduce the effective tax rate if recognized.

The Company recognizes interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits in income tax expense. At December 31, 2022 and 2021, the Company had accrued interest and penalties related to the unrecognized tax benefits of $2,587 and $3,747, respectively. During the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020, the Company recognized $376, $591, and $128, respectively, in interest and penalties.

The Company and its subsidiaries file U.S. federal income tax returns, as well as tax returns in multiple states and foreign jurisdictions. The Company's U.S. federal income tax returns are under examination for the years ended December 31, 2017 through 2019. The IRS may, however, ask for supporting documentation for net operating losses for the years ended December 31, 2013 through 2016, which were utilized in the year ended December 31, 2017. During the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020, certain tax examinations were concluded and certain statutes of limitations lapsed. The tax provision for those years includes adjustments related to the resolution of these matters, as reflected in the table above. The tax returns of significant non-U.S. subsidiaries currently under examination are located in the following jurisdictions: Germany (2017 through 2021), India (2004 through 2020), and Italy (2017 through 2019). The Company and its subsidiaries also file income tax returns in other taxing jurisdictions in the U.S. and around the world, many of which are still open to examination.

The timing of the resolution of income tax examinations is highly uncertain, as are the amounts and timing of tax payments that result from such examinations. These events could cause large fluctuations in the balance sheet classification of current and non-current unrecognized tax benefits. The Company believes that in the next 12 months it is reasonably possible that certain income tax examinations will conclude or the statutes of limitation on certain income tax periods open to examination will expire, or both. Given the uncertainties described above, the Company can only determine an estimate of potential decreases in unrecognized tax benefits ranging from $6,088 to $9,428.

- Definition

The entire disclosure for income taxes. Disclosures may include net deferred tax liability or asset recognized in an enterprise's statement of financial position, net change during the year in the total valuation allowance, approximate tax effect of each type of temporary difference and carryforward that gives rise to a significant portion of deferred tax liabilities and deferred tax assets, utilization of a tax carryback, and tax uncertainties information.

+ References

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 740
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 21
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=121826272&loc=d3e32857-109319

Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 740
-SubTopic 10
-Section S99
-Paragraph 2
-Subparagraph (SAB Topic 11.C)
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=122134291&loc=d3e330215-122817

Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 740
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 17
-Subparagraph (b)
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=121826272&loc=d3e32809-109319

Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 740
-SubTopic 10
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SAB TOPIC 6.I.5.Q1)
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=122134291&loc=d3e330036-122817

Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 740
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 14
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=121826272&loc=d3e32705-109319

Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 740
-SubTopic 270
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6424409&loc=d3e44925-109338

Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 740
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/topic&trid=2144680

Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 740
-SubTopic 30
-Section 50
-Paragraph 2
-Subparagraph (a)
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6424122&loc=d3e41874-109331

Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 235
-SubTopic 10
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(h)(2))
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=120395691&loc=d3e23780-122690

+ Details

Long-Term Debt

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2022

Long-Term Debt [Abstract]

Long-Term Debt

Note 6 – Long-Term Debt

Long-term debt consists of the following:

	December 31, 2022			December 31, 2021

Credit facility	$	42,000		$	-
Convertible senior notes, due 2025		465,344			465,344
Deferred financing costs		(6,407	)		(9,678	)
		500,937			455,666
Less current portion		-			-
	$	500,937		$	455,666

Credit Facility

The Company maintains a credit agreement with a consortium of banks led by JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as administrative agent, and the lenders (the "Credit Facility"), which provides an aggregate commitment of $750,000 of revolving loans available until June 5, 2024. The Credit Facility also provides for the ability of Vishay to request up to $300,000 of incremental facilities, subject to the satisfaction of certain conditions, which could take the form of additional revolving commitments, incremental “term loan A” or “term loan B” facilities, or incremental equivalent debt.

Borrowings under the Credit Facility bear interest at LIBOR plus an interest margin. The applicable interest margin is based on the Company's leverage ratio. Based on the Company's current leverage ratio, borrowings bear interest at LIBOR plus 1.50%. The Company also pays a commitment fee, also based on its leverage ratio, on undrawn amounts. The undrawn commitment fee, based on the Company's current leverage ratio, is 0.25% per annum.

The Credit Facility allows an unlimited amount of defined “Investments,” which include certain intercompany transactions and acquisitions, provided the Company's pro forma leverage ratio is equal to or less than 2.75 to 1.00. If the Company's pro forma leverage ratio is greater than 2.75 to 1.00, such Investments are subject to certain limitations.

The Credit Facility also allows an unlimited amount of defined "Restricted Payments," which include cash dividends and share repurchases, provided the Company's pro forma leverage ratio is equal to or less than 2.50 to 1.00. If the Company's pro forma leverage ratio is greater than 2.50 to 1.00, the Credit Facility allows such payments up to $100,000 per annum (subject to a cap of $300,000 for the term of the facility, with up to $25,000 of any unused amount of the $100,000 per annum base available for use in the next succeeding calendar year).

Borrowings under the Credit Facility are secured by a lien on substantially all assets, including accounts receivable, inventory, machinery and equipment, and general intangibles (but excluding real estate, intellectual property registered or licensed solely for use in, or arising solely under the laws of, any country other than the United States, assets located solely outside of the United States and deposit and securities accounts), of the Company and certain significant subsidiaries located in the United States, and pledges of stock in certain significant domestic and foreign subsidiaries; and are guaranteed by certain significant subsidiaries.

The Credit Facility limits or restricts the Company and its subsidiaries, from, among other things, incurring indebtedness, incurring liens on its respective assets, making investments and acquisitions (assuming the Company’s pro forma leverage ratio is greater than 2.75 to 1.00), making asset sales, and paying cash dividends and making other restricted payments (assuming the Company's pro forma leverage ratio is greater than 2.50 to 1.00), and requires the Company to comply with other covenants, including the maintenance of specific financial ratios.

The Credit Facility also contains customary events of default, including, but not limited to, failure to pay principal or interest, failure to pay or default under other material debt, material misrepresentation or breach of warranty, violation of certain covenants, a change of control, the commencement of bankruptcy proceedings, the insolvency of the Company or certain of its significant subsidiaries, and the rendering of a judgment in excess of $50,000 against the Company or its subsidiaries. Upon the occurrence of an event of default under the Credit Facility, the Company's obligations under the credit facility may be accelerated and the lending commitments under the credit facility may be terminated.

At December 31, 2022 and 2021, there was $707,061 and $748,931, respectively, available under the Credit Facility. Letters of credit totaling $939 and $1,069 were outstanding at December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

Convertible Debt Instruments

The following table summarizes some key facts and terms regarding the outstanding convertible senior notes due 2025 as of December 31, 2022:

	Due 2025
Issuance date	June 12, 2018
Maturity date	June 15, 2025
Principal amount	$	465,344
Cash coupon rate (per annum)		2.25	%
Nonconvertible debt borrowing rate at issuance (per annum)		5.50	%
Conversion rate effective November 29, 2022 (per $1 principal amount)		32.0478
Effective conversion price effective November 29, 2022 (per share)	$	31.20
130% of the conversion price (per share)	$	40.56

Prior to December 15, 2024, the holders of the convertible senior notes due 2025 may convert their notes only under the following circumstances: (1) the sale price of Vishay common stock reaches 130% of the conversion price for a specified period; (2) the trading price of the notes falls below 98% of the product of the sale price of Vishay's common stock and the conversion rate for a specified period; or (3) upon the occurrence of specified corporate transactions. The convertible senior notes due 2025 are not currently convertible.

Pursuant to the Supplemental Indenture governing the convertible senior notes due 2025, at the direction of its Board of Directors, Vishay has fixed the “Specified Dollar Amount” (as defined in the Indenture) that shall apply to all future conversions of notes at $1 cash per $1 principal amount. The fixing of the Specified Dollar Amount requires Vishay to satisfy its conversion obligations by paying cash with respect to such Specified Dollar Amount.

The quarterly cash dividend program of the Company results in adjustments to the conversion rate and effective conversion price for the convertible senior notes due 2025 effective as of the ex-dividend date of each cash dividend. The conversion rate and effective conversion price for the convertible senior notes due 2025 is adjusted for quarterly cash dividends to the extent such dividends exceed $0.085 per share of common stock. Vishay must provide additional shares upon conversion if there is a “fundamental change” in the business as defined in the indenture governing the convertible senior notes due 2025.

Effective January 1, 2021, Vishay adopted ASU No. 2020-06. Prior to the adoption of ASU No. 2020-06, the Company separately accounted for the liability and equity components of convertible debt instruments that may be settled in cash in a manner that reflects the Company’s nonconvertible debt borrowing rate. The liability component at issuance was recognized at fair value, based on the fair value of a similar instrument that did not have a conversion feature. A discount was recorded if debt instruments are issued at a coupon rate which is below the rate of a similar instrument that did not have a conversion feature at issuance. The equity component was based on the excess of the principal amount of the debt instruments over the fair value of the liability component, after adjusting for an allocation of debt issuance costs and the deferred tax impact, and was recorded as capital in excess of par. Debt discounts were amortized as additional non-cash interest expense over the expected life of the debt.

Upon adoption of ASU No. 2020-06, Vishay derecognized the bifurcated equity component, debt discount, and deferred taxes and remeasured the deferred financing costs associated with its convertible debt instruments. The carrying value of Vishay's convertible debt instruments is now equal to the outstanding principal amount and interest expense is now equal to the cash interest paid. The remeasured deferred financing costs continue to be recognized as non-cash interest expense. The carrying value of the convertible senior notes due 2025 was $465,344 as of December 31, 2022 and 2021.

Note 6 – Long-Term Debt (continued)

Interest expense related to the convertible debt instruments is reflected on the accompanying consolidated statements of operations for the years ended December 31:

	Contractual coupon interest		Non-cash amortization of debt discount		Other non-cash interest expense		Total interest expense related to the debentures

2022
Convertible senior notes due 2025	$	10,470		-		1,733	$	12,203

2021
Convertible senior notes due 2025	$	10,470		-		1,733	$	12,203

2020
Convertible senior notes due 2025	$	12,097		13,118		1,623	$	26,838
Convertible senior debentures		88		43		-		131
Total	$	12,185	$	13,161	$	1,623	$	26,969

The Company used cash to repurchase $134,656 principal amount of convertible senior notes due 2025 in 2020. The net carrying value of the notes repurchased was $115,978. In accordance with the then-current authoritative accounting guidance for convertible debt, the aggregate repurchase payments of $128,328 were allocated between the liability ($118,587) and equity ($9,741) components of the convertible notes, using the Company's nonconvertible debt borrowing rate at the time of the repurchases. As a result, the Company recognized a loss on extinguishment of convertible notes of $4,600, including the write-off of unamortized debt issuance costs.

The Company used cash to repurchase $16,890 principal amount of convertible senior debentures due 2041 in 2020. The net carrying value of the debentures repurchased was $6,715. In accordance with the then-current authoritative accounting guidance for convertible debt, the aggregate repurchase payment of $23,355 was allocated between the liability ($10,075) and equity ($13,280) components of the convertible debentures, using the Company's nonconvertible debt borrowing rate at the time of the repurchase. As a result, the Company recognized a loss on extinguishment of convertible debentures of $3,473, including the write-off of unamortized debt issuance costs.

Vishay redeemed the remaining $300 principal amount of convertible senior debentures due 2040 on February 4, 2021. The redemption price was paid in cash and was equal to 100% of the principal amount plus accrued but unpaid interest to, but excluding February 4, 2021. The convertible senior debentures due 2040, due 2041, and due 2042 have been fully repurchased.

Other Borrowings Information

The Credit Facility, of which $42,000 was drawn as of December 31, 2022, expires in 2024. The convertible senior notes mature in 2025.

At December 31, 2022 and 2021, the Company had committed and uncommitted short-term credit lines with various U.S. and foreign banks aggregating approximately $1,000 with substantially no amounts borrowed.

Interest paid was $13,739, $14,177, and $15,450 for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020, respectively.

See Note 18 for further discussion on the fair value of the Company’s long-term debt.

- Definition

The entire disclosure for information about short-term and long-term debt arrangements, which includes amounts of borrowings under each line of credit, note payable, commercial paper issue, bonds indenture, debenture issue, own-share lending arrangements and any other contractual agreement to repay funds, and about the underlying arrangements, rationale for a classification as long-term, including repayment terms, interest rates, collateral provided, restrictions on use of assets and activities, whether or not in compliance with debt covenants, and other matters important to users of the financial statements, such as the effects of refinancing and noncompliance with debt covenants.

+ References

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+ Details

Stockholders' Equity

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2022

Stockholders' Equity [Abstract]

Stockholders' Equity

Note 7 – Stockholders’ Equity

The Company’s Class B common stock carries 10 votes per share while the common stock carries 1 vote per share. Class B shares are transferable only to certain permitted transferees while the common stock is freely transferable. Class B shares are convertible on a one-for-one basis at any time into shares of common stock. Transfers of Class B shares other than to permitted transferees result in the automatic conversion of the Class B shares into common stock.

The Board of Directors may only declare dividends or other distributions with respect to the common stock or the Class B common stock if it grants such dividends or distributions in the same amount per share with respect to the other class of stock. Stock dividends or distributions on any class of stock are payable only in shares of stock of that class. Shares of either common stock or Class B common stock cannot be split, divided, or combined unless the other is also split, divided, or combined equally. Cash dividends were paid quarterly in 2022 and 2021.

At December 31, 2022, the Company had reserved shares of common stock for future issuance as follows:

Restricted stock units outstanding			894,000
Phantom stock units outstanding			226,000
2007 Stock Incentive Program - available to grant			1,637,000
Convertible senior notes, due 2025			14,913,251
Conversion of Class B common stock			12,097,148
			29,767,399

On February 7, 2022, the Company's Board of Directors adopted a Stockholder Return Policy that will remain in effect until such time as the Board votes to amend or rescind the policy. The Stockholder Return Policy calls for the Company to return a prescribed amount of cash flows on an annual basis. The Company intends to return such amounts directly, in the form of dividends, or indirectly, in the form of stock repurchases.

The following table summarizes activity pursuant to this policy:

	Year ended
	December 31, 2022
Dividends paid to stockholders	$	57,187
Stock repurchases		82,972
Total	$	140,159

The repurchased shares are being held as treasury stock.

- Definition

The entire disclosure for shareholders' equity comprised of portions attributable to the parent entity and noncontrolling interest, including other comprehensive income. Includes, but is not limited to, balances of common stock, preferred stock, additional paid-in capital, other capital and retained earnings, accumulated balance for each classification of other comprehensive income and amount of comprehensive income.

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+ Details

Other Income (Expense)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2022

Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic [Abstract]

Other Income (Expense)

Note 8 – Details of Expenses

The caption “Other” on the accompanying consolidated statements of operations consists of the following:

	Years ended December 31,
	2022			2021			2020

Foreign exchange gain (loss)	$	5,690		$	(2,692	)	$	(4,095	)
Interest income		7,560			1,269			3,709
Other components of periodic pension expense		(11,090	)		(13,206	)		(13,613	)
Investment income (expense)		(6,812	)		(1,036	)		2,271
Other		(200	)		11			(26	)
	$	(4,852	)	$	(15,654	)	$	(11,754	)

The Company used cash to repurchase $151,546 principal amount of convertible senior notes due 2025 in 2020 and recognized a loss on early extinguishment of the repurchased convertible debt of $8,073.

Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic

The Company's operations have been impacted by the "COVID-19" pandemic, particularly in 2020 when some manufacturing facilities were temporarily closed and some were operating at levels less than full capacity and again in 2022 when operations in the People's Republic of China were impacted by government-mandated shut-downs. The Company incurred incremental costs separable from normal operations that are directly related to the pandemic containment efforts, primarily wages paid to manufacturing employees during government-mandated shut-downs, additional wages and hardship allowances for working during lockdown periods, additional costs of cleaning and disinfecting facilities, costs of additional safety equipment for employees, and temporary housing for employees due to travel restrictions, which were partially offset by government subsidies. Since 2021, certain costs directly attributable to the pandemic, such as additional costs of cleaning and disinfecting facility and costs of additional safety equipment for employees, are no longer incremental and are considered normal operating costs. The net impact of the costs and subsidies are reported as cost of products sold of $6,661 and $4,563 and selling, general, and administrative expenses (benefits) of $546 and $(1,451) based on employee function on the consolidated statements of operations for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2020, respectively.

The Company's insurance coverages generally exclude losses incurred due to pandemics. No amounts have been received due to the pandemic pursuant to the Company's insurance coverages. Any amounts that may be received in the future will not be recognized until all contingencies are settled.

Other Accrued Expenses

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2022

Other Accrued Expenses [Abstract]

Other Accrued Expenses

Note 9 – Other Accrued Expenses

Other accrued expenses consist of the following:

	December 31,
	2022			2021

Sales returns and allowances		$	46,979		$	39,759
Goods received, not yet invoiced			60,201			53,736
Accrued VAT taxes payable			55,010			46,240
Other			99,416			78,354
		$	261,606		$	218,089

Sales returns and allowances accrual activity is shown below:

	Years Ended December 31,
	2022			2021			2020
Beginning balance	$	39,759		$	39,629		$	40,508
Sales returns and allowances		102,640			89,832			88,844
Credits issued		(94,682	)		(88,708	)		(90,824	)
Foreign currency		(738	)		(994	)		1,101
Ending balance	$	46,979		$	39,759		$	39,629

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2022

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Abstract]

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

Note 10 – Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

The cumulative balance of each component of other comprehensive income (loss) and the income tax effects allocated to each component are as follows:

	Pension and other post- retirement actuarial items			Currency translation adjustment			Total

Balance at January 1, 2020	$	(68,020	)	$	41,374		$	(26,646	)
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications		(22,055	)		49,260		$	27,205
Tax effect		5,288			-		$	5,288
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications, net of tax		(16,767	)		49,260		$	32,493
Amounts reclassified out of AOCI		10,168			-		$	10,168
Tax effect		(2,456	)		-		$	(2,456	)
Amounts reclassified out of AOCI, net of tax		7,712			-		$	7,712
Net comprehensive income (loss)	$	(9,055	)	$	49,260		$	40,205
Balance at December 31, 2020	$	(77,075	)	$	90,634		$	13,559
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications		12,592			(51,978	)	$	(39,386	)
Tax effect		(2,509	)		-		$	(2,509	)
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications, net of tax		10,083			(51,978	)	$	(41,895	)
Amounts reclassified out of AOCI		10,677			-		$	10,677
Tax effect		(2,593	)		-		$	(2,593	)
Amounts reclassified out of AOCI, net of tax		8,084			-		$	8,084
Net comprehensive income (loss)	$	18,167		$	(51,978	)	$	(33,811	)
Balance at December 31, 2021	$	(58,908	)	$	38,656		$	(20,252	)
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications		60,949			(41,885	)	$	19,064
Tax effect		(15,783	)		-		$	(15,783	)
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications, net of tax		45,166			(41,885	)	$	3,281
Amounts reclassified out of AOCI		8,260			-		$	8,260
Tax effect		(2,116	)		-		$	(2,116	)
Amounts reclassified out of AOCI, net of tax		6,144			-		$	6,144
Net comprehensive income (loss)	$	51,310		$	(41,885	)	$	9,425
Balance at December 31, 2022	$	(7,598	)	$	(3,229	)	$	(10,827	)

Pensions and Other Postretirement Benefits

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2022

Pensions and Other Postretirement Benefits [Abstract]

Pensions and Other Postretirement Benefits

Note 11 – Pensions and Other Postretirement Benefits

The Company maintains various retirement benefit plans. GAAP requires employers to recognize the funded status of a benefit plan, measured as the difference between plan assets at fair value and the benefit obligation, in its balance sheet. The recognition of the funded status on the balance sheet requires employers to recognize actuarial items (such as actuarial gains and losses, prior service costs, and transition obligations) as a component of other comprehensive income, net of tax.

The following table summarizes amounts recorded on the accompanying consolidated balance sheets associated with these various retirement benefit plans:

	December 31,
	2022			2021

Included in "Other assets":
Non-U.S. pension plans	$	4,715		$	3,145
Total included in other assets	$	4,715		$	3,145
Included in "Payroll and related expenses":
U.S. pension plans	$	(6,378	)	$	(35	)
Non-U.S. pension plans		(6,827	)		(7,602	)
U.S. other postretirement plans		(497	)		(975	)
Non-U.S. other postretirement plans		(666	)		(696	)
Total included in payroll and related expenses	$	(14,368	)	$	(9,308	)
Accrued pension and other postretirement costs:
U.S. pension plans	$	(30,843	)	$	(45,578	)
Non-U.S. pension plans		(135,809	)		(197,796	)
U.S. other postretirement plans		(3,831	)		(6,636	)
Non-U.S. other postretirement plans		(6,049	)		(7,086	)
Other retirement obligations		(10,560	)		(14,576	)
Total accrued pension and other postretirement costs	$	(187,092	)	$	(271,672	)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss:
U.S. pension plans	$	69		$	9,403
Non-U.S. pension plans		16,392			72,437
U.S. other postretirement plans		(2,031	)		837
Non-U.S. other postretirement plans		743			1,706
Total accumulated other comprehensive loss*	$	15,173		$	84,383

* - Amounts included in accumulated other comprehensive loss are presented in this table pre-tax

Defined Benefit Pension Plans

U.S. Pension Plans

The Company maintained several defined benefit pension plans which covered most full-time U.S. employees. These included pension plans which are “qualified” under the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 (“ERISA”) and the Internal Revenue Code, and “non-qualified” pension plans which provide defined benefits primarily to U.S. employees whose benefits under the qualified pension plan would be limited by ERISA and the Internal Revenue Code. The Company’s principal qualified U.S. pension plan (the Vishay Retirement Plan) was frozen effective January 1, 2009 and terminated in 2016.

The Company’s principal non-qualified U.S. pension plan (the Vishay Non-qualified Retirement Plan) was a contributory pension plan designed to provide similar defined benefits to covered U.S. employees whose benefits under the Vishay Retirement Plan were limited by the Internal Revenue Code. The Vishay Non-qualified Retirement Plan was similar in construction to the Vishay Retirement Plan, except that the plan is not qualified under the Internal Revenue Code.

The Vishay Non-qualified Retirement Plan, like all non-qualified plans, is considered to be unfunded. The Company maintains a non-qualified trust, referred to as a “rabbi” trust, to fund benefit payments under this plan. Rabbi trust assets are subject to creditor claims under certain conditions and are not the property of employees. Therefore, they are accounted for as other noncurrent assets. Assets held in trust related to the non-qualified pension plan were $20,615 and $27,604 at December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

In 2008, the Company adopted amendments to the Vishay Non-Qualified Retirement Plan such that effective January 1, 2009, the plan was frozen. Pursuant to these amendments, no new employees may participate in the plans, no further participant contributions were required or permitted, and no further benefits shall accrue after December 31, 2008. Benefits accumulated as of December 31, 2008 will be paid to employees upon or following retirement, and the Company will likely need to make additional cash contributions to the rabbi trust to fund this accumulated benefit obligation.

The Company also maintains other pension plans which provide supplemental defined benefits primarily to former U.S. employees whose benefits under qualified pension plans were limited by the Internal Revenue Code. These non-qualified plans are all non-contributory plans, and are considered to be unfunded.

In 2004, the Company entered into an employment agreement with Dr. Felix Zandman, its Executive Chairman and then-Chief Executive Officer. Pursuant to this agreement, the Company is providing an annual retirement benefit of approximately $614 to his surviving spouse. The Company maintains a non-qualified trust, referred to as a “rabbi” trust, to fund benefit payments under this plan. Rabbi trust assets are subject to creditor claims under certain conditions and are not the property of employees. Therefore, they are accounted for as other noncurrent assets. Assets held in trust related to this non-qualified pension plan were $1,023 and $630 at December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

Non-U.S. Pension Plans

The Company provides pension and similar benefits to employees of certain non-U.S. subsidiaries consistent with local practices. Pension benefits earned are generally based on years of service and compensation during active employment.

The following table sets forth a reconciliation of the benefit obligation, plan assets, and funded status related to U.S. and non-U.S. pension plans:

	December 31, 2022						December 31, 2021
	U.S. Plans			Non-U.S. Plans			U.S. Plans			Non-U.S. Plans

Change in benefit obligation:
Benefit obligation at beginning of year	$	45,613		$	278,173		$	45,564		$	307,809
Service cost		-			4,199			-			4,693
Interest cost		1,122			3,200			1,016			2,968
Plan amendments		-			79			-			490
Actuarial (gains) losses		(7,668	)		(45,102	)		870			(7,816	)
Benefits paid		(1,846	)		(16,777	)		(1,837	)		(14,773	)
Curtailments and settlements		-			-			-			(34	)
Currency translation		-			(20,231	)		-			(15,164	)
Benefit obligation at end of year	$	37,221		$	203,541		$	45,613		$	278,173

Change in plan assets:
Fair value of plan assets at beginning of year	$	-		$	75,920		$	-			74,334
Actual return on plan assets		-			790			-			2,792
Company contributions		1,846			13,212			1,837			13,095
Benefits paid		(1,846	)		(16,777	)		(1,837	)		(14,773	)
Currency translation		-			(7,525	)		-			472
Fair value of plan assets at end of year	$	-		$	65,620		$	-		$	75,920

Funded status at end of year	$	(37,221	)	$	(137,921	)	$	(45,613	)	$	(202,253	)

The plan assets are stated at fair value. See Note 18 for further discussion of the valuation of the plan assets.

Amounts recognized in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets consist of the following:

	December 31, 2022						December 31, 2021
	U.S. Plans			Non-U.S. Plans			U.S. Plans			Non-U.S. Plans

Other assets	$	-		$	4,715		$	-		$	3,145
Accrued benefit liability - current		(6,378	)		(6,827	)		(35	)		(7,602	)
Accrued benefit liability - non-current		(30,843	)		(135,809	)		(45,578	)		(197,796	)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss		69			16,392			9,403			72,437
	$	(37,152	)	$	(121,529	)	$	(36,210	)	$	(129,816	)

Actuarial items consist of the following:

	December 31, 2022							December 31, 2021
	U.S. Plans				Non-U.S. Plans			U.S. Plans			Non-U.S. Plans

Unrecognized net actuarial (gain) loss		$	(140	)		$	15,628		$	9,050		$	71,632
Unamortized prior service cost			209				764			353			805
		$	69			$	16,392		$	9,403		$	72,437

The following table sets forth additional information regarding the projected and accumulated benefit obligations:

	December 31, 2022				December 31, 2021
	U.S. Plans		Non-U.S. Plans		U.S. Plans		Non-U.S. Plans

Accumulated benefit obligation, all plans	$	37,221	$	176,056	$	45,613	$	259,087

Plans for which the accumulated benefit obligation exceeds plan assets:
Projected benefit obligation	$	37,221	$	181,207	$	45,613	$	247,796
Accumulated benefit obligation		37,221		159,433		45,613		235,764
Fair value of plan assets		-		38,854		-		44,604

The following table sets forth the components of net periodic pension cost:

	Years ended December 31,
	2022					2021					2020
	U.S. Plans		Non-U.S. Plans			U.S. Plans		Non-U.S. Plans			U.S. Plans		Non-U.S. Plans

Service cost	$	-	$	4,199		$	-	$	4,693		$	-	$	4,382
Interest cost		1,122		3,200			1,016		2,968			1,366		3,783
Expected return on plan assets		-		(1,725	)		-		(1,660	)		-		(2,004	)
Amortization of actuarial losses		1,523		4,760			2,032		7,444			1,609		6,554
Amortization of prior service cost		144		216			144		189			144		378
Curtailment and settlement losses		-		1,190			-		632			-		1,148
Net periodic pension cost	$	2,789	$	11,840		$	3,192	$	14,266		$	3,119	$	14,241

See Note 10 for the pretax, tax effect and after tax amounts included in other comprehensive income during the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020. The estimated actuarial items for the defined benefit pensions plans that will be amortized from accumulated other comprehensive loss into net periodic pension cost during 2022 are not material.

The following weighted average assumptions were used to determine benefit obligations at December 31 of the respective years:

	2022						2021
	U.S. Plans			Non-U.S. Plans			U.S. Plans			Non-U.S. Plans
Discount rate		5.50	%		3.57	%		2.50	%		1.19	%
Rate of compensation increase		0.00	%		2.60	%		0.00	%		2.07	%

The following weighted average assumptions were used to determine the net periodic pension costs:

	Years ended December 31,
	2022						2021
	U.S. Plans			Non-U.S. Plans			U.S. Plans			Non-U.S. Plans
Discount rate		2.50	%		1.19	%		2.25	%		1.02	%
Rate of compensation increase		0.00	%		2.07	%		0.00	%		2.02	%
Expected return on plan assets		0.00	%		2.96	%		0.00	%		2.37	%

The plans’ expected return on assets is based on management’s expectations of long-term average rates of return to be achieved by the underlying investment portfolios. In establishing this assumption, management considers historical and expected returns for the asset classes in which the plans are invested, advice from pension consultants and investment advisors, and current economic and capital market conditions.

The investment mix between equity securities and fixed income securities is based upon achieving a desired return, balancing higher return, more volatile equity securities, and lower return, less volatile fixed income securities and is adjusted for the expected duration of the obligation and the funded status of the plan. Investment allocations are made across a range of securities, maturities and credit quality. The Company’s non-U.S. defined benefit plan investments are based on local laws and customs. Most plans invest in cash and local government fixed income securities, although plans in certain countries have investments in equity securities. The plans do not invest in securities of Vishay or its subsidiaries. Negative investment returns could ultimately affect the funded status of the plans, requiring additional cash contributions. See Note 18 for further information on the fair value of the plan assets by asset category.

Estimated future benefit payments are as follows:

	U.S. Plans		Non-U.S. Plans

2023	$	8,365	$	15,741
2024		3,295		14,669
2025		3,247		15,553
2026		8,552		17,068
2027		3,277		15,004
2028-2032		9,742		70,832

The Company’s anticipated 2023 contributions for defined benefit pension plans will approximate the expected benefit payments disclosed above.

Other Postretirement Benefits

In the U.S., the Company maintains unfunded non-pension postretirement plans, including medical benefits for certain executives and their surviving spouses, which are funded as costs are incurred. The Company also maintains two unfunded non-pension postretirement plans at two European subsidiaries.

The following table sets forth a reconciliation of the benefit obligation, plan assets, and accrued benefit cost related to U.S. and non-U.S. non-pension defined benefit postretirement plans:

	December 31, 2022						December 31, 2021
	U.S. Plans			Non-U.S. Plans			U.S. Plans			Non-U.S. Plans

Change in benefit obligation:
Benefit obligation at beginning of year	$	7,611		$	7,782		$	7,723		$	8,510
Service cost		39			237			102			278
Interest cost		178			55			163			42
Actuarial (gains) losses		(2,525	)		(749	)		545			(77	)
Benefits paid		(975	)		(147	)		(922	)		(319	)
Currency translation		-			(463	)		-			(652	)
Benefit obligation at end of year	$	4,328		$	6,715		$	7,611		$	7,782

Fair value of plan assets at end of year	$	-		$	-		$	-		$	-

Funded status at end of year	$	(4,328	)	$	(6,715	)	$	(7,611	)	$	(7,782	)

Amounts recognized in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets consist of the following:

	December 31, 2022								December 31, 2021
	U.S. Plans				Non-U.S. Plans				U.S. Plans				Non-U.S. Plans

Accrued benefit liability - current		$	(497	)		$	(666	)		$	(975	)		$	(696	)
Accrued benefit liability - non-current			(3,831	)			(6,049	)			(6,636	)			(7,086	)
Accumulated other comprehensive (income) loss			(2,031	)			743				837				1,706
		$	(6,359	)		$	(5,972	)		$	(6,774	)		$	(6,076	)

Actuarial items consist of the following:

	December 31, 2022						December 31, 2021
	U.S. Plans			Non-U.S. Plans			U.S. Plans			Non-U.S. Plans

Unrecognized net actuarial loss (gain)		$	(2,031)		$	743		$	837		$	1,706
		$	(2,031)		$	743		$	837		$	1,706

The following table sets forth the components of net periodic benefit cost:

	Years ended December 31,
	2022				2021				2020
	U.S. Plans		Non-U.S. Plans		U.S. Plans		Non-U.S. Plans		U.S. Plans		Non-U.S. Plans

Service cost	$	39	$	237	$	102	$	278	$	112	$	284
Interest cost		178		55		163		42		236		64
Amortization of actuarial (gains) losses		342		85		53		116		26		132
Curtailment and settlement losses		-		-		-		67		-		177
Net periodic benefit cost (benefit)	$	559	$	377	$	318	$	503	$	374	$	657

The estimated actuarial items for the other postretirement benefit plans that will be amortized from accumulated other comprehensive loss into net periodic benefit cost during 2022 are not material.

The following weighted average assumptions were used to determine benefit obligations at December 31 of the respective years:

	2022						2021
	U.S. Plans			Non-U.S. Plans			U.S. Plans			Non-U.S. Plans

Discount rate		5.50	%		3.86	%		2.50	%		0.80	%
Rate of compensation increase		0.00	%		4.19	%		0.00	%		2.88	%

The following weighted average assumptions were used to determine the net periodic benefit costs:

	Years ended December 31,
	2022						2021
	U.S. Plans			Non-U.S. Plans			U.S. Plans			Non-U.S. Plans

Discount rate		2.50	%		0.80	%		2.25	%		0.54	%
Rate of compensation increase		0.00	%		2.88	%		0.00	%		2.87	%

The impact of a one-percentage-point change in assumed health care cost trend rates on the net periodic benefit cost and postretirement benefit obligation is not material.

Estimated future benefit payments are as follows:

	U.S. Plans		Non-U.S. Plans

2023	$	497	$	666
2024		491		246
2025		475		517
2026		480		185
2027		427		1,278
2028-2032		1,671		3,607

As the plans are unfunded, the Company’s anticipated contributions for 2023 are equal to its estimated benefits payments.

Other Retirement Obligations

The Company participates in various other defined contribution and government-mandated retirement plans based on local law or custom. The Company periodically makes required contributions for certain of these plans, whereas other plans are unfunded retirement bonus plans which will be paid at the employee's retirement date. At December 31, 2022 and 2021, the accompanying consolidated balance sheets include $10,560 and $14,576, respectively, within accrued pension and other postretirement costs related to these plans.

The Company’s U.S. employees are eligible to participate in a 401(k) savings plan, which provides for Company matching contributions. The Company’s matching expense for the plans was $7,083, $6,557, and $6,363 for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020, respectively. No material amounts are included in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets at December 31, 2022 and 2021 related to unfunded 401(k) contributions.

Certain key employees participate in a deferred compensation plan. During the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020, these employees could defer a portion of their compensation until retirement, or elect shorter deferral periods. The Company maintains a liability within other noncurrent liabilities on its consolidated balance sheets related to these deferrals. The Company maintains a non-qualified trust, referred to as a “rabbi” trust, to fund payments under this plan. Rabbi trust assets are subject to creditor claims under certain conditions and are not the property of employees. Therefore, they are accounted for as other noncurrent assets. Assets held in trust related to the deferred compensation plan at December 31, 2022 and 2021 were approximately $28,535 and $31,453, respectively.

- Definition

The entire disclosure for retirement benefits.

+ References

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 715
-SubTopic 20
-Section 55
-Paragraph 17
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123450688&loc=d3e4179-114921

Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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-Name Accounting Standards Codification
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Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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Reference 13: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
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+ Details

Stock-Based Compensation

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2022

Stock-Based Compensation [Abstract]

Stock-Based Compensation

Note 12 – Stock-Based Compensation

The Company has various stockholder-approved programs which allow for the grant of share-based compensation to officers, employees, and non-employee directors.

The following table summarizes share-based compensation expense recognized:

	Years ended December 31,
	2022		2021		2020

Restricted stock units	$	6,323	$	6,396	$	5,061
Phantom stock units		222		209		215
Total	$	6,545	$	6,605	$	5,276

The Company recognizes compensation cost for RSUs that are expected to vest and records cumulative adjustments in the period that the expectation changes.

The following table summarizes unrecognized compensation cost and the weighted average remaining amortization periods at December 31, 2022 (amortization periods in years):

	Unrecognized Compensation Cost		Weighted Average Remaining Amortization Periods

Restricted stock units	$	3,241		0.7
Phantom stock units		-		0.0
Total	$	3,241

The Company currently expects all performance-based RSUs to vest and all of the associated unrecognized compensation cost for performance-based RSUs presented in the table above to be recognized.

2007 Stock Incentive Program

The Company's 2007 Stock Incentive Program (the "2007 Program"), as amended and restated, was approved by Vishay's stockholders at Vishay's Annual Meeting of Stockholders on May 20, 2014. The 2007 Program permits the grant of up to 6,500,000 shares of restricted stock, unrestricted stock, RSUs, stock options, and phantom stock units, to officers, employees, and non-employee directors of the Company. Such instruments are available for grant until May 20, 2024.

At December 31, 2022, the Company has reserved 1,637,000 shares of common stock for future grants of equity awards pursuant to the 2007 Program. If any outstanding awards are forfeited by the holder or cancelled by the Company, the underlying shares would be available for regrant to others.

Restricted Stock Units

Each RSU entitles the recipient to receive a share of common stock when the RSU vests.

RSU activity is presented below (number of RSUs in thousands):

	Years ended December 31,
	2022						2021						2020
	Number of RSUs			Weighted Average Grant-date Fair Value			Number of RSUs			Weighted Average Grant-date Fair Value			Number of RSUs			Weighted Average Grant-date Fair Value

Outstanding:
Beginning of year		877			$	20.08		793			$	18.90		842			$	17.93
Granted		336				19.13		319				22.07		272				18.30
Vested*		(306	)			20.04		(235	)			18.79		(308	)			15.70
Cancelled or forfeited		(13	)			20.50		-				-		(13	)			19.06
End of year		894			$	19.73		877			$	20.08		793			$	18.90

Expected to vest		894						877						793

* The number of RSUs vested includes shares that the Company withheld on behalf of employees to satisfy statutory tax withholding requirements.

The number of performance-based RSUs scheduled to vest increases ratably based on the achievement of defined performance criteria between the established target and maximum levels. RSUs with performance-based vesting criteria are expected to vest as follows (number of RSUs in thousands):

Vesting Date	Expected to Vest		Not Expected to Vest		Total
January 1, 2023**		152		-		152
January 1, 2024		165		-		165
January 1, 2025		168		-		168

** The performance vesting criteria for the performance-based RSUs with a vesting date of January 1, 2023 were achieved.

In the event of (i) any termination (other than for cause) after attaining retirement age (as defined in the respective executive's employment arrangement), the executive's outstanding RSUs shall immediately vest and the outstanding performance-based RSUs shall vest on their normal vesting date to the extent applicable performance criteria are realized; and (ii) a change of control of Vishay, all of such executive’s outstanding RSUs and performance-based RSUs shall immediately vest. In the event of voluntary termination by the executive prior to attaining retirement age or termination for cause, the executive’s outstanding RSUs and performance-based RSUs will be forfeited.

Phantom Stock Units

The 2007 Program authorizes the grant of phantom stock units to the extent provided for in the Company's employment agreements with certain executives. Each phantom stock unit entitles the recipient to receive a share of common stock at the individual's termination of employment or any other future date specified in the applicable employment agreement. Phantom stock units participate in dividend distribution on the same basis as the Company's common stock and Class B common stock. Dividend equivalents are issued in the form of additional units of phantom stock. The phantom stock units are fully vested at all times.

The following table summarizes the Company’s phantom stock units activity (number of phantom stock units in thousands):

	Years ended December 31,
	2022				2021				2020
	Number of Phantom Stock Units		Grant-date Fair Value per Unit		Number of Phantom Stock Units		Grant-date Fair Value per Unit		Number of Phantom Stock Units		Grant-date Fair Value per Unit

Outstanding:
Beginning of year		212				198				183
Granted		10	$	22.20		10	$	20.89		10	$	21.49
Dividend equivalents issued		4				4				5
End of year		226				212				198

Commitments and Contingencies	12 Months Ended
Commitments and Contingencies	Dec. 31, 2022
Commitments and Contingencies [Abstract]
Commitments and Contingencies	Note 13 – Commitments and Contingencies Environmental Matters The Company is subject to various federal, state, local, and foreign laws and regulations governing environmental matters, including the use, discharge, and disposal of hazardous materials. The Company’s manufacturing facilities are believed to be in substantial compliance with current laws and regulations. Complying with current laws and regulations has not had a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial condition. The Company has engaged environmental consultants and attorneys to assist management in evaluating potential liabilities related to environmental matters. Management assesses the input from these consultants along with other information known to the Company in its effort to continually monitor these potential liabilities. Management assesses its environmental exposure on a site-by-site basis, including those sites where the Company has been named as a “potentially responsible party.” Such assessments include the Company’s share of remediation costs, information known to the Company concerning the size of the hazardous waste sites, their years of operation, and the number of past users and their financial viability. As of December 31, 2022, the Company has accrued environmental liabilities of $11,446, of which $4,648 is included in other accrued liabilities on the accompanying consolidated balance sheet, and $6,798 is included in other noncurrent liabilities on the accompanying consolidated balance sheet. While the ultimate outcome of these matters cannot be determined, management does not believe that the final disposition of these matters will have a material adverse effect on the Company’s consolidated financial position, results of operations, or cash flows. The Company’s present and past facilities have been in operation for many years. These facilities have used substances and have generated and disposed of wastes which are or might be considered hazardous. Therefore, it is possible that additional environmental issues may arise in the future, which the Company cannot now predict. Litigation The Company is a party to various claims and lawsuits arising in the normal course of business. The Company is of the opinion that these litigations or claims will not have a material negative effect on its consolidated financial position, results of operations, or cash flows. Semiconductor Foundry Agreements The Company’s Siliconix subsidiary maintains long-term foundry agreements with subcontractors to ensure access to external front-end capacity. Since 2004, Siliconix has maintained long-term foundry arrangements for semiconductor manufacturing with Tower Semiconductor, pursuant to which Siliconix transferred certain technology to Tower Semiconductor and committed to purchase a minimum amount of semiconductor wafers. The Company has minimum purchase commitments pursuant to its current long-term arrangements with Tower Semiconductor and other foundry partners of $48,073 and $15,287 for the years 2023 through 2024, respectively. The minimum purchase commitments with Tower Semiconductor are based on a 18-month rolling forecast and, accordingly, the 2024 minimum purchase commitments will likely increase. The Company has the option to purchase wafers in addition to the minimum commitment and, accordingly, actual purchases may be different than the amounts disclosed above. The Company exceeded its minimum purchase commitments in 2022. Product Quality Claims The Company is a party to various product quality claims in the normal course of business. See Note 1 for further information on the Company's warranty obligations. Executive Employment Agreements The Company has employment agreements with certain of its senior executives. These employment agreements provide incremental compensation in the event of termination. The Company does not provide any severance or other benefits specifically upon a change in control.

Current Vulnerability Due to Certain Concentrations

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2022

Current Vulnerability Due to Certain Concentrations [Abstract]

Current Vulnerability Due to Certain Concentrations

Note 14 – Current Vulnerability Due to Certain Concentrations

Market Concentrations

No customer represented greater than 10% of consolidated net revenue in 2022 or 2021.

A material portion of the Company's revenues are derived from the worldwide industrial, automotive, telecommunications, and computing markets. These markets have historically experienced wide variations in demand for end products. If demand for these end products should decrease, the producers thereof could reduce their purchases of the Company's products, which could have an adverse effect on the Company's results of operations and financial position.

Certain subsidiaries and product lines have customers which comprise greater than 10% of the subsidiary's or product line's net revenues. The loss of one of these customers could have a material effect on the results of operations of the subsidiary or product line and financial position of the subsidiary, which could result in an impairment charge which could be material to the Company's consolidated financial statements.

Credit Risk Concentrations

Financial instruments with potential credit risk consist principally of cash and cash equivalents, short-term investments, accounts receivable, and notes receivable. Concentrations of credit risk with respect to receivables are generally limited due to the Company’s large number of customers and their dispersion across many countries and industries. As of December 31, 2022, one customer comprised 10.2% of the Company's accounts receivable balance. No customer comprised greater than 10% of the Company’s accounts receivable balance as of December 31, 2021. The Company continually monitors the credit risks associated with its accounts receivable and adjusts the allowance for uncollectible accounts accordingly. The credit risk exposure associated with the accounts receivable is limited by the allowance and is not considered material to the financial statements.

The Company maintains cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments with various major financial institutions. The Company is exposed to credit risk related to the potential inability to access liquidity in financial institutions where its cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments are concentrated. As of December 31, 2022, the following financial institutions held over 10% of the Company’s combined cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments balance:

JPMorgan*	14.8	%
MUFG Bank Ltd.*	14.4	%
Santander*	12.8	%
UniCredit Bank*	11.0	%
Bank Leumi*	10.4	%

*Participant in Credit Facility

Sources of Supplies

The production and sale of the Company’s products is reliant on a complex global interconnected supply chain of vendors, manufacturing facilities, third-party foundries and subcontractors, shipping partners, distributors, and end market customers. Disruption in one part of the supply chain could cause disruption in all other parts of the supply chain. Global shipping impacts several parts of the supply chain and the disruption experienced in recent years has, at times, negatively impacted the Company’s ability to manufacture products and to deliver them to customers.

Although most materials incorporated into the Company's products are available from a number of sources, certain materials, including plastics and metals, are produced in only a limited number of regions around the world or are available from only a limited number of suppliers. Suppliers periodically extend lead times, face capacity constraints, limit supplies, increase prices, experience quality issues, or encounter cybersecurity or other issues that can interrupt or increase the cost of our supply. The unavailability or reduced availability of these materials could require the Company to temporarily cease or reduce production or incur additional costs.

Customer requirements and certain laws pertaining to the responsible sourcing of materials, including tantalum, tungsten, tin, gold, and cobalt, all of which are used in the Company’s products, are increasing and becoming more stringent. Responsible sourcing efforts may result in increased prices and decreased availability of these materials.

Many of the metals used in the manufacture of the Company’s products, including gold, copper, and palladium, are traded on active markets and can be subject to significant price volatility. To ensure adequate supply and to provide cost certainty, the Company’s policy is to enter into short-term commitments to purchase defined portions of annual consumption of the raw materials utilized if market prices decline below budget. If after entering into these commitments, the market prices for these raw materials decline, losses are recognized on these adverse purchase commitments.

The Company's production can be disrupted by the unavailability of resources, such as water, energy, and gases. The unavailability or reduced availability of these resources could require the Company to reduce production or incur additional costs.

The Company uses third-party foundries and subcontractors for certain of its manufacturing activities, primarily wafer fabrication and the assembly and testing of finished goods. Establishing third-party contract manufacturer relationships can be time consuming and costly, and the number of qualified providers is limited. The Company's agreements with these manufacturers typically require it to commit to purchase services based on forecasted product needs, which may be inaccurate, and, in some cases, require the recognition of losses on these adverse purchase commitments. The Company's agreements may limit its ability to increase production, particularly during periods of growing demand for our products.

Geographic Concentration

The Company has operations outside the United States, and approximately 71% of revenues earned during 2022 were derived from sales to customers outside the United States. Additionally, as of December 31, 2022, $916,041 of the Company’s cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments were held by subsidiaries outside of the United States. Some of the Company’s products are produced and cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments are held in countries which are subject to risks of political, economic, and military instability. This instability could result in wars, riots, nationalization of industry, currency fluctuations, and labor unrest. These conditions could have an adverse impact on the Company’s ability to operate in these regions and, depending on the extent and severity of these conditions, could materially and adversely affect the Company’s overall financial condition, operating results, and ability to access its liquidity when needed.

As of December 31, 2022 the Company’s cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments were concentrated in the following countries:

Germany	36.5	%
Israel	12.9	%
Singapore	11.8	%
People's Republic of China	11.1	%
United States	9.1	%
The Republic of China (Taiwan)	9.1	%
Other Asia	6.2	%
Other Europe	2.3	%
Other	1.0	%

Certain of the Company's non-U.S. subsidiaries have cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments deposited in U.S. financial institutions.

Vishay has been in operation in Israel for 52 years. The Company has never experienced any material interruption in its operations attributable to these factors, in spite of several Middle East crises, including wars.

Segment and Geographic Data

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2022

Segment and Geographic Data [Abstract]

Segment and Geographic Data

Note 15 – Segment and Geographic Data

Vishay is a global manufacturer and supplier of electronic components. Vishay operates, and its chief operating decision maker makes strategic and operating decisions with regards to assessing performance and allocating resources based on, six reporting segments: MOSFETs, Diodes, Optoelectronic Components, Resistors, Inductors, and Capacitors. These segments represent groupings of product lines based on their functionality:

●		Metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistors ("MOSFETs") function as solid state switches to control power.
●		Diodes route, regulate, and block radio frequency, analog, and power signals; protect systems from surges or electrostatic discharge damage; or provide electromagnetic interference filtering.
●		Optoelectronic components emit light, detect light, or do both.
●		Resistors are basic components used in all forms of electronic circuitry to adjust and regulate levels of voltage and current.
●		Inductors use an internal magnetic field to change alternating current phase and resist alternating current.
●		Capacitors store energy and discharge it when needed.

Vishay's reporting segments generate substantially all of their revenue from product sales to the industrial, automotive, telecommunications, computing, consumer products, power supplies, military and aerospace, and medical end markets. An immaterial portion of revenues are from royalties.

The Company’s Chief Operating Decision Maker uses operating income, exclusive of certain items ("segment operating income") to make decisions, allocate resources, and assess performance, and the Company thus considers segment operating income to be its measure of segment profit or loss. Only dedicated, direct selling, general, and administrative expenses of the segments are included in the calculation of segment operating income. The Company's calculation of segment operating income excludes selling, general, and administrative costs of its global operations, sales and marketing, information systems, finance, and administration groups, as well as restructuring and severance costs, the direct impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, and other items affecting comparability. Management believes that evaluating segment performance excluding such items is meaningful because it provides insight with respect to intrinsic operating results of the Company. These items represent reconciling items between segment operating income and consolidated operating income. Business segment assets are the owned or allocated assets used by each business.

The following tables set forth business segment information:

	MOSFETs		Diodes		Optoelectronic Components		Resistors		Inductors		Capacitors		Corporate / Other			Total

Year ended December 31, 2022:
Net revenues	$	762,260	$	765,220	$	296,384	$	832,806	$	331,086	$	509,645	$	-		$	3,497,401
Segment Operating Income		228,692		176,422		85,456		235,259		93,453		104,810		(6,661	)	$	917,431
Depreciation expense		30,551		40,014		14,065		34,903		14,927		14,286		7,118		$	155,864
Capital expenditures		90,297		69,126		27,776		76,702		35,102		15,214		11,091		$	325,308

Total Assets as of December 31, 2022:	$	672,048	$	814,017	$	385,388	$	861,870	$	322,893	$	496,924	$	312,513		$	3,865,653

Year ended December 31, 2021:
Net revenues	$	667,998	$	709,416	$	302,714	$	752,554	$	335,638	$	472,167	$	-		$	3,240,487
Segment Operating Income		148,652		145,814		82,378		190,953		97,482		85,342		-		$	750,621
Depreciation expense		30,257		40,406		14,585		34,344		14,448		17,129		8,078		$	159,247
Capital expenditures		44,227		45,772		25,068		57,729		24,377		13,099		8,100		$	218,372

Total Assets as of December 31, 2021:	$	503,937	$	815,751	$	377,815	$	783,390	$	355,353	$	496,129	$	210,882		$	3,543,257

Year ended December 31, 2020:
Net revenues	$	501,380	$	502,548	$	236,616	$	606,183	$	293,629	$	361,542	$	-		$	2,501,898
Segment Operating Income		76,548		69,663		50,369		130,700		82,472		50,753		(4,563	)	$	455,942
Depreciation expense		30,835		39,380		16,003		32,531		13,821		17,349		8,198		$	158,117
Capital expenditures		18,621		31,960		12,873		21,298		20,730		11,198		6,919		$	123,599

Total Assets as of December 31, 2020:	$	447,867	$	704,606	$	341,517	$	693,251	$	330,092	$	438,906	$	198,234		$	3,154,473

________________

	Years ended December 31,
	2022			2021			2020
Reconciliation:
Segment Operating Income	$	917,431		$	750,621		$	455,942
Restructuring and Severance Costs		-			-			(743	)
Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Selling, General, and Administrative Expenses		(546	)		-			1,451
Unallocated Selling, General, and Administrative Expenses		(301,399	)		(282,819	)		(246,940	)
Consolidated Operating Income (Loss)	$	615,486		$	467,802		$	209,710
Unallocated Other Income (Expense)		(21,981	)		(33,192	)		(51,382	)
Consolidated Income Before Taxes	$	593,505		$	434,610		$	158,328

The Company has a broad line of products that it sells to OEMs, EMS companies, and independent distributors. The distribution of sales by customer type is shown below:

	Years Ended December 31,
	2022		2021		2020
Distributors	$	2,019,842	$	1,902,499	$	1,328,953
OEMs		1,229,114		1,138,569		1,003,090
EMS companies		248,445		199,419		169,855
	$	3,497,401	$	3,240,487	$	2,501,898

Net revenues were attributable to customers in the following regions:

	Years Ended December 31,
	2022		2021		2020

Asia	$	1,347,893	$	1,392,267	$	1,028,073
Europe		1,146,898		1,072,025		854,847
Americas		1,002,610		776,195		618,978
	$	3,497,401	$	3,240,487	$	2,501,898

The Company generates substantially all of its revenue from product sales to end customers in the industrial, automotive, telecommunications, computing, consumer products, power supplies, military and aerospace, and medical end markets. Sales by end market are presented below:

	Years Ended December 31,
	2022		2021		2020

Industrial	$	1,377,043	$	1,269,150	$	864,032
Automotive		1,067,499		994,039		796,853
Computing		225,746		245,463		204,166
Military and Aerospace		215,078		170,484		162,484
Consumer Products		182,884		165,384		118,896
Power Supplies		175,456		165,190		116,966
Medical		133,808		130,126		129,500
Telecommunications		119,887		100,651		109,001
	$	3,497,401	$	3,240,487	$	2,501,898

The following table summarizes net revenues based on revenues generated by subsidiaries located within the identified geographic area:

	Years ended December 31,
	2022		2021		2020

United States	$	974,503	$	750,862	$	592,460
Germany		1,005,796		976,907		772,194
Other Europe		142,454		134,773		103,475
Israel		25,844		20,362		16,609
Asia		1,348,804		1,357,583		1,017,160
	$	3,497,401	$	3,240,487	$	2,501,898

The following table summarizes property and equipment based on physical location:

	December 31,
	2022		2021

United States	$	144,112	$	115,036
Germany		229,449		203,414
Other Europe		118,672		110,859
Israel		87,174		76,057
People's Republic of China		250,669		218,721
Republic of China (Taiwan)		192,456		168,165
Other Asia		98,332		81,741
Other		9,595		5,486
	$	1,130,459	$	979,479

- Definition

The entire disclosure for reporting segments including data and tables. Reportable segments include those that meet any of the following quantitative thresholds a) it's reported revenue, including sales to external customers and intersegment sales or transfers is 10 percent or more of the combined revenue, internal and external, of all operating segments b) the absolute amount of its reported profit or loss is 10 percent or more of the greater, in absolute amount of 1) the combined reported profit of all operating segments that did not report a loss or 2) the combined reported loss of all operating segments that did report a loss c) its assets are 10 percent or more of the combined assets of all operating segments.

+ References

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 280
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
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Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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+ Details

Earnings Per Share

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2022

Earnings Per Share [Abstract]

Earnings Per Share

Note 16 – Earnings Per Share

Basic earnings per share is computed using the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the periods presented. Diluted earnings per share is computed using the weighted average number of common shares outstanding adjusted to include the potentially dilutive effect of restricted stock units (see Note 12), convertible debt instruments (see Note 6), and other potentially dilutive securities.

The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted earnings per share attributable to Vishay stockholders (shares in thousands):

	Years ended December 31,
	2022		2021		2020

Numerator:
Net earnings attributable to Vishay stockholders	$	428,810	$	297,970	$	122,923

Denominator:
Denominator for basic earnings per share:
Weighted average shares		143,176		144,796		144,641
Outstanding phantom stock units		223		209		195
Adjusted weighted average shares - basic		143,399		145,005		144,836

Effect of dilutive securities:
Restricted stock units		516		488		362
Convertible debt instruments		-		2		30
Dilutive potential common shares		516		490		392

Denominator for diluted earnings per share:
Adjusted weighted average shares - diluted		143,915		145,495		145,228


Basic earnings per share attributable to Vishay stockholders	$	2.99	$	2.05	$	0.85

Diluted earnings per share attributable to Vishay stockholders	$	2.98	$	2.05	$	0.85

Diluted earnings per share for the years presented do not reflect the following weighted average potential common shares, as the effect would be antidilutive (in thousands):

	Years ended December 31,
	2022		2021		2020

Convertible debt instruments:
Convertible Senior Debentures, due 2041		-		-		100
Convertible Senior Notes, due 2025		-		-		17,062
Weighted average other		251		279		341

If the average market price of Vishay common stock is less than the effective conversion price of the convertible senior notes due 2025, no shares are included in the diluted earnings per share computation for the convertible senior notes due 2025. Upon Vishay exercising its existing right to legally amend the indenture governing the convertible senior notes due 2025, Vishay will satisfy its conversion obligations by paying $1 cash per $1 principal amount of converted notes and settle any additional amounts due in common stock. Accordingly, the notes are not anti-dilutive when the average market price of Vishay common stock is less than the effective conversion price of the convertible senior notes due 2025.

Additional Cash Flow Information

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2022

Additional Cash Flow Information [Abstract]

Additional Cash Flow Information

Note 17 – Additional Cash Flow Information

Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of effects of businesses acquired, consist of the following:

	Years ended December 31,
	2022			2021			2020

Accounts receivable	$	(26,696	)	$	(67,707	)	$	4,662
Inventories		(119,595	)		(121,492	)		(24,204	)
Prepaid expenses and other current assets		(11,380	)		(35,377	)		12,692
Accounts payable		(61,665	)		61,481			18,485
Other current liabilities		77,223			79,683			6,157
Net change in operating assets and liabilities	$	(142,113	)	$	(83,412	)	$	17,792

Fair Value Measurements

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2022

Fair Value Measurements [Abstract]

Fair Value Measurements

Note 18 – Fair Value Measurements

The following table provides the financial assets and liabilities carried at fair value measured on a recurring basis:

	Total Fair Value		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3

December 31, 2022
Assets:
Assets held in rabbi trusts	$	50,173	$	27,168	$	23,005	$	-
Available for sale securities	$	3,677		3,677		-		-
Precious metals	$	1,252		1,252		-		-
Non - U.S. Defined Benefit Pension Plan Assets:
Equity securities	$	5,876		5,876		-		-
Fixed income securities	$	18,406		18,406		-		-
Cash	$	41,338		41,338		-		-
	$	120,722	$	97,717	$	23,005	$	-

Liability:
MaxPower acquisition contingent consideration	$	6,870		-		-		6,870

December 31, 2021
Assets:
Assets held in rabbi trusts	$	59,687	$	32,713	$	26,974	$	-
Available for sale securities	$	4,455		4,455		-		-
Non - U.S. Defined Benefit Pension Plan Assets:
Equity securities	$	10,627		10,627		-		-
Fixed income securities	$	19,690		19,690		-		-
Cash	$	45,603		45,603		-		-
	$	140,062	$	113,088	$	26,974	$	-

The Company maintains non-qualified trusts, referred to as “rabbi” trusts, to fund payments under deferred compensation and non-qualified pension plans. Rabbi trust assets consist primarily of marketable securities, classified as available-for-sale, and company-owned life insurance assets. The marketable securities held in the rabbi trusts are valued using quoted market prices on the last business day of the year. The company-owned life insurance assets are valued in consultation with the Company’s insurance brokers using the value of underlying assets of the insurance contracts. The fair value measurement of the marketable securities held in the rabbi trust is considered a Level 1 measurement and the measurement of the company-owned life insurance assets is considered a Level 2 measurement within the fair value hierarchy.

The Company maintains defined benefit retirement plans in certain of its non-U.S. subsidiaries. The assets of the plans are measured at fair value.

Equity securities held by the non-U.S. defined benefit retirement plans consist of equity securities that are valued based on quoted market prices on the last business day of the year. The fair value measurement of the equity securities is considered a Level 1 measurement within the fair value hierarchy.

Fixed income securities held by the non-U.S. defined benefit retirement plans consist of government bonds in the Philippines and India and corporate notes that are valued based on quoted market prices on the last business day of the year. The fair value measurement of the fixed income securities is considered a Level 1 measurement within the fair value hierarchy.

Cash held by the non-U.S. defined benefit retirement plans consists of demand deposits on account in various financial institutions to fund current benefit payments. The carrying amount of the cash approximates its fair value.

The Company holds investments in debt securities that are intended to fund a portion of its pension and other postretirement benefit obligations outside of the U.S. The investments are valued based on quoted market prices on the last business day of the year. The fair value measurement of the investments is considered a Level 1 measurement within the fair value hierarchy.

From time to time, the Company purchases precious metals bullion in excess of its immediate manufacturing needs to mitigate the risk of supply shortages or volatile price fluctuations. The metals are valued based on quoted market prices on the last business day of the period. The fair value measurement of the metals are considered a Level 1 measurement within the fair value hierarchy.

The Company may be required to make certain contingent payments to non-employee equity holders of MaxPower pursuant to the acquisition agreement, which would be payable upon the achievement of certain technology milestones, upon favorable resolution of certain technology licensing matters with a third party, and upon the disposition of MaxPower's investment in an equity affiliate. The fair value of these contingent consideration payments is determined by estimating the net present value of the expected cash flows based on the probability of expected payments. The fair value measurement of the contingent consideration is considered a Level 3 measurement within the fair value hierarchy.

The fair value of the long-term debt, excluding the deferred financing costs, at December 31, 2022 and 2021 is approximately $491,100 and $485,500, respectively, compared to its carrying value, excluding the derivative liability and capitalized deferred financing costs, of $507,344 and $465,344, respectively. The Company estimates the fair value of its long-term debt using a combination of quoted market prices for similar financing arrangements and expected future payments discounted at risk-adjusted rates, which are considered level 2 inputs.

At 2022 and 2021, the Company’s short-term investments were comprised of time deposits with financial institutions that have maturities that exceed 90 days from the date of acquisition; however they all mature within one year from the respective balance sheet dates. The Company's short-term investments are accounted for as held-to-maturity debt instruments, at amortized cost, which approximates their fair value. The investments are funded with excess cash not expected to be needed for operations prior to maturity; therefore, the Company believes it has the intent and ability to hold the short-term investments until maturity. At each reporting date, the Company performs an evaluation to determine if any unrealized losses are other-than-temporary. No other-than-temporary impairments have been recognized on these securities, and there are no unrecognized holding gains or losses for these securities during the periods presented. There have been no transfers to or from the held-to-maturity classification. All decreases in the account balance are due to returns of principal at the securities’ maturity dates. Interest on the securities is recognized as interest income when earned.

At December 31, 2022 and 2021, the Company’s cash and cash equivalents were comprised of demand deposits, time deposits with maturities of three months or less when purchased, and money market funds. The Company estimates the fair value of its cash, cash equivalents, and short-term investments using level 2 inputs. Based on the current interest rates for similar investments with comparable credit risk and time to maturity, the fair value of the Company's cash, cash equivalents, and held-to-maturity short-term investments approximate the carrying amounts reported in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.

The Company’s financial instruments also include accounts receivable and accounts payable. The carrying amounts for these financial instruments reported in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets approximate their fair values.

- Definition

The entire disclosure for the fair value of financial instruments (as defined), including financial assets and financial liabilities (collectively, as defined), and the measurements of those instruments as well as disclosures related to the fair value of non-financial assets and liabilities. Such disclosures about the financial instruments, assets, and liabilities would include: (1) the fair value of the required items together with their carrying amounts (as appropriate); (2) for items for which it is not practicable to estimate fair value, disclosure would include: (a) information pertinent to estimating fair value (including, carrying amount, effective interest rate, and maturity, and (b) the reasons why it is not practicable to estimate fair value; (3) significant concentrations of credit risk including: (a) information about the activity, region, or economic characteristics identifying a concentration, (b) the maximum amount of loss the entity is exposed to based on the gross fair value of the related item, (c) policy for requiring collateral or other security and information as to accessing such collateral or security, and (d) the nature and brief description of such collateral or security; (4) quantitative information about market risks and how such risks are managed; (5) for items measured on both a recurring and nonrecurring basis information regarding the inputs used to develop the fair value measurement; and (6) for items presented in the financial statement for which fair value measurement is elected: (a) information necessary to understand the reasons for the election, (b) discussion of the effect of fair value changes on earnings, (c) a description of [similar groups] items for which the election is made and the relation thereof to the balance sheet, the aggregate carrying value of items included in the balance sheet that are not eligible for the election; (7) all other required (as defined) and desired information.

+ References + Details

Related Party Transactions	12 Months Ended
Related Party Transactions	Dec. 31, 2022
Related Party Transactions [Abstract]
Related Party Transactions	Note 19 – Related Party Transactions Vishay Precision Group, Inc. On July 6, 2010, Vishay completed the spin-off of its measurements and foil resistors businesses into an independent, publicly-traded company, Vishay Precision Group, Inc. Vishay’s common stockholders received 1 share of VPG common stock for every 14 shares of Vishay common stock they held on the record date, June 25, 2010, and Vishay’s Class B common stockholders received 1 share of VPG Class B common stock for every 14 shares of Vishay Class B common stock they held on the record date. Following the spin-off, VPG is an independent company and Vishay retains no ownership interest. Relationship with VPG after Spin-off Following the spin-off, VPG and Vishay operate separately, each as independent public companies. Vishay has no ownership interest in VPG. However, Ruta Zandman solely or on a shared basis with Marc Zandman and Ziv Shoshani, all of whom are members of Vishay's Board of Directors, control a large portion of the voting power of both Vishay and VPG. Marc Zandman, Vishay’s Executive Chairman of the Board and an executive officer of Vishay, serves as the Chairman of VPG. Ziv Shoshani, CEO of VPG, serves as a director of Vishay. Additionally, Timothy V. Talbert, a member of Vishay’s Board of Directors is also a member of the Board of Directors of VPG. In connection with the completion of the spin-off, Vishay and its subsidiaries entered into several agreements with VPG and its subsidiaries that govern the relationship of the parties following the spin-off. Among the agreements entered into with VPG and its subsidiaries were a transition services agreement, several lease agreements, and supply agreements. None of the agreements have had nor are expected to have a material impact on Vishay’s financial position, results of operations, or liquidity. Some of these agreements have expired and have not been renewed. Vishay also entered into a trademark license agreement with VPG pursuant to which Vishay granted VPG the license to use certain trademarks, service marks, logos, trade names, entity names, and domain names which include the term “Vishay.” The license granted VPG the limited, exclusive, royalty-free right and license to use certain marks and names incorporating the term “Vishay” in connection with the design, development, manufacture, marketing, provision and performance of certain VPG products that do not compete with any products within Vishay’s product range as constituted immediately following the separation and certain services provided in connection with the products. The license cannot be terminated except as a result of willful misconduct or liquidation bankruptcy of VPG.

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)	12 Months Ended
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)	Dec. 31, 2022
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Use of Estimates	Use of Estimates The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“GAAP”) requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ significantly from those estimates.
Principles of Consolidation	Principles of Consolidation The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Vishay and all of its subsidiaries in which a controlling financial interest is maintained. For those consolidated subsidiaries in which the Company’s ownership is less than 100 percent, the outside stockholders’ interests are shown as noncontrolling interest in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. Investments in affiliates over which the Company has significant influence but not a controlling interest are carried on the equity basis. Investments in affiliates over which the Company does not have significant influence are accounted for by the cost method. All intercompany transactions, accounts, and profits are eliminated.
Revenue Recognition	Revenue Recognition The Company recognizes revenue from contracts with customers when it satisfies the performance obligations within the contract. The Company has framework agreements with many of its customers that contain the terms and conditions of future sales, but do not create enforceable rights or obligations. For revenue recognition purposes, the Company considers the combined purchase orders and the terms and conditions contained within such framework agreements to be contracts. Payment terms for the Company's sales are generally less than sixty days. Substantially all of the Company's receivables historically have been and are expected to continue to be collected within twelve months of the transfer of products to the customer and the Company expects this to continue going forward. Accordingly, the Company does not recognize a financing component of the transaction price. Revenue is measured based on the consideration specified in contracts with customers, and excludes any sales incentives and amounts collected on behalf of third parties. The Company recognizes revenue when it satisfies its performance obligations. The Company analyzes its contracts to determine whether the promise in the contract to construct and transfer goods to the customer is a performance obligation that will be satisfied over time or at a point in time. When the Company's performance does not create an asset with an alternative use to the Company and the Company has an enforceable right to payment for performance completed to date, the Company transfers control of a good or service over time and, therefore, satisfies a performance obligation and recognizes revenue over time. The Company has a limited number of contracts for custom products that meet the criteria to recognize revenue over time. The Company's contracts contain two performance obligations: delivery of products and warranty protection. The Company does not sell separate, enhanced, or extended warranty coverage, but through its customary business practices, the Company has created implied service-type warranties, which are accounted for as separate performance obligations. Revenue is allocated between these two performance obligations and recognized as the obligations are satisfied. The allocation of revenue to warranty protection is based on an estimate of expected cost plus margin. The delivery of products performance obligation is satisfied and product sales revenue is recognized when the customer takes control of the products. Warranty revenue is deferred and the warranty protection performance obligation is satisfied and revenue is recognized over the warranty period, which is typically less than twenty four months from sale to end customer. The warranty deferred revenue liability is recorded within Other Accrued Expenses and Other Liabilities on the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. The deferred revenue balance associated with the service-type warranty performance obligations and the components that comprise the change in the deferred revenue balance are not significant. The Company has a broad line of products that it sells to original equipment manufacturers ("OEMs"), electronic manufacturing services ("EMS") companies, which manufacture for OEMs on an outsourcing basis, and independent distributors that maintain large inventories of electronic components for resale to OEMs and EMS companies. The Company recognizes revenue on sales to distributors when the distributor takes control of the products ("sold-to" model). The Company has agreements with distributors that allow distributors a limited credit for unsaleable products, which it terms a "scrap allowance." Consistent with industry practice, the Company also has a "stock, ship and debit" program whereby it considers requests by distributors for credits on previously purchased products that remain in distributors' inventory, to enable the distributors to offer more competitive pricing. In addition, the Company has contractual arrangements whereby it provides distributors with protection against price reductions initiated by the Company after product is sold by the Company to the distributor and prior to resale by the distributor. The Company recognizes the estimated variable consideration to be received as revenue and records a related accrued expense for the consideration not expected to be received, based upon its estimate of product returns, scrap allowances, "stock, ship and debit" credits, and price protection credits that will be attributable to sales recorded through the end of the period. The Company makes these estimates based upon sales levels to its distributors during the period, inventory levels at the distributors, current and projected market conditions, and historical experience under the programs. While the Company utilizes a number of different methodologies to estimate the accruals, all of the methodologies take into account sales levels to distributors during the relevant period, inventory levels at the distributors, current and projected market trends and conditions, recent and historical activity under the relevant programs, changes in program policies, and open requests for credits. These procedures require the exercise of significant judgments. The Company believes that it has a reasonable basis to estimate future credits under the programs. See sales returns and allowances accrual activity in Note 9. The Company pays commissions to external sales representatives on a per-sale basis. Accordingly, these commissions are expensed as incurred because the future amortization period of the asset that the Company otherwise would have recognized is one year or less. Internal staff are not paid commissions. The Company has elected to account for shipping and handling as activities to fulfill the promise to transfer the product even if the shipping and handling activities are performed after the customer obtains control. The Company does not evaluate whether shipping and handling activities are promised services to its customers. If control transfers and revenue is recognized for the related products before the shipping and handling activities occur, the related costs of those shipping and handling activities is accrued. The Company applies this accounting policy election consistently to similar types of transactions. See disaggregated revenue information in Note 15.
Research and Development Expenses	Research and Development Expenses Research and development costs are expensed as incurred. The amount charged to expense for research and development (exclusive of purchased in-process research and development) aggregated $81,182, $77,377, and $70,861, for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020, respectively. The Company spends additional amounts for the development of machinery and equipment for new processes and for cost reduction measures.
Income Taxes	Income Taxes The provision for income taxes is determined using the asset and liability approach of accounting for income taxes. Under this approach, deferred taxes represent the future tax consequences expected to occur when the reported amounts of assets and liabilities are recovered or paid. The provision for income taxes represents income taxes paid or payable for the current year plus the change in deferred taxes during the year. Deferred taxes result from differences between the financial and tax bases of the Company’s assets and liabilities and are adjusted for changes in tax rates and tax laws when changes are enacted. Valuation allowances have been established for deferred tax assets which the Company believes do not meet GAAP criteria of “more likely than not” to be realized. This criterion requires a level of judgment regarding future taxable income, which may be revised due to changes in market conditions, tax laws, or other factors. If the Company’s assumptions and estimates change in the future, valuation allowances established may be increased, resulting in increased tax expense. Conversely, if the Company is ultimately able to utilize all or a portion of the deferred tax assets for which a valuation allowance has been established, then the related portion of the valuation allowance can be released, resulting in decreased tax expense. The Company and its subsidiaries are subject to income taxes in the U.S. and numerous foreign jurisdictions. Significant judgment is required in evaluating the Company’s tax positions and determining its provision for income taxes. During the ordinary course of business, there are many transactions and calculations for which the ultimate tax determination is uncertain. The Company establishes reserves for tax-related uncertainties based on estimates of whether, and the extent to which, additional taxes will be due. These reserves are established when the Company believes that certain positions might be challenged despite the Company’s belief that its tax return positions are fully supportable. The Company adjusts these reserves in light of changing facts and circumstances and the provision for income taxes includes the impact of reserve provisions and changes to reserves that are considered appropriate. These accruals for tax-related uncertainties are based on management’s best estimate of potential tax exposures. When particular matters arise, a number of years may elapse before such matters are audited by tax authorities and finally resolved. Favorable resolution of such matters could be recognized as a reduction to the Company’s effective tax rate in the year of resolution. Unfavorable resolution of any particular issue could increase the effective tax rate and may require the use of cash in the year of resolution. The amount included in current liabilities on the accompanying consolidated balance sheets reflect only amounts expected to be settled in cash within one year. See Note 5.
Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Short-Term Investments	Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Short-Term Investments Cash and cash equivalents includes demand deposits and highly liquid investments with maturities of three months or less when purchased. Highly liquid investments with original maturities greater than three months, but less than one year are classified as short-term investments. At December 31, 2022 and 2021, the Company’s short-term investments were comprised of time deposits with financial institutions whose original maturity exceeds three months, but less than one year.
Allowance for Credit Losses	Allowance for Credit Losses Effective January 1, 2020, the Company estimates its credit losses on financial instruments using a current expected credit loss model. Prior to January 1, 2020, the Company estimated its credit losses using an incurred loss impairment methodology, which was not materially different than the methodology adopted on January 1, 2020. The Company maintains an allowance for accounts receivable credit losses resulting from the inability of its customers to make required payments. Payment terms for the Company's sales are generally less than ninety days. Substantially all of the Company's trade receivables are collected within twelve months of the transfer of products to the customer and the Company expects this to continue going forward. The credit loss allowance is determined through an analysis of the aging of accounts receivable and assessments of risk that are based on historical trends and an evaluation of the impact of current and projected economic conditions. Receivables from customers with deteriorating financial condition and those over 180 days past due are removed from the pool and evaluated separately. Net credit loss expense for accounts receivable was $365, $384, and $475 for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020, respectively. The Company’s cash equivalents, short-term investments, and restricted investments are accounted for as held-to-maturity debt instruments, at amortized cost. Interest income on these instruments is recorded as Other income on the consolidated statements of operations and interest receivable is recognized as a separate asset and recorded in Prepaid expenses and other current assets on the consolidated balance sheets. The Company has not experienced a credit loss on the principal or interest receivable of its cash equivalents, short-term investments, or restricted investments. The Company pools its cash equivalents, short-term investments, and restricted investments by credit rating of the issuing financial institution and estimates an allowance for credit losses based on the corporate bond default ratios, evaluation of the impact of current and projected economic conditions, and probability of credit loss. Net credit loss expense for cash equivalents, short-term investments, and restricted investments was immaterial for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021. The Company does not measure an allowance for credit losses on interest receivable. Any uncollectible interest receivable is recognized by reversing interest income within the fiscal quarter that the interest becomes uncollectible. The Company has an immaterial amount of other short-term held-to-maturity debt instruments recorded within Prepaid expenses and other current assets on the consolidated balance sheets. The Company analyzes these assets on a separate asset basis and estimates an allowance for credit losses based on historical credit loss rates and an evaluation of the impact of current and projected economic conditions. Net credit loss expense for these other short-term held-to-maturity debt instruments was immaterial for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021.
Inventories	Inventories Inventories are stated at the lower of cost, determined by the first-in, first-out method, or net realizable value. Inventories are adjusted for estimated obsolescence and written down to net realizable value based upon estimates of future demand, technology developments, and market conditions.
Property and Equipment	Property and Equipment Property and equipment is carried at cost and is depreciated principally by the straight-line method based upon the estimated useful lives of the assets. Machinery and equipment are being depreciated over useful lives of seven years to ten years. Buildings and building improvements are being depreciated over useful lives of twenty years to forty years. Construction in progress is not depreciated until the assets are placed in service. The estimated cost to complete construction in progress at December 31, 2022 was approximately $491,500. Included in the estimated cost to complete the Itzehoe, Germany 12-inch wafer fab construction project are costs for which there are currently no contractual commitments to complete. Depreciation expense was $155,864, $159,247, and $158,117 for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020, respectively. Gains and losses on the disposal of assets which do not qualify for presentation as discontinued operations are included in the determination of operating margin (within selling, general, and administrative expenses). Individually material gains and losses on disposal are separately disclosed in the notes to the consolidated financial statements.
Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets	Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets Goodwill represents the excess of the cost of a business acquired over the fair value of the related net assets at the date of acquisition. Certain intangible assets may be assigned indefinite useful lives. Goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets are not amortized but rather are tested for impairment at least annually. These tests are performed more frequently whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the assets might be impaired. The Company's business segments (see Note 15) represent its reporting units for goodwill impairment testing purposes. At December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively, the Company has no recorded indefinite-lived intangible assets. Definite-lived intangible assets are amortized over their estimated useful lives. Patents and acquired technology are being amortized over useful lives of seven years to twenty-five years. Capitalized software is amortized over periods of three years to ten years, primarily included in costs of products sold on the consolidated statements of operations. Customer relationships are amortized over useful lives of five years to twenty years. Noncompete agreements are amortized over periods of three years to ten years. The Company continually evaluates the reasonableness of the useful lives of these assets. GAAP prescribes a quantitative method for determining goodwill impairment. The Company has the option of performing a qualitative assessment before performing the quantitative impairment test. If it is determined, on the basis of qualitative factors, that the fair value of the reporting unit is not more likely than not less than the carrying amount, the quantitative impairment test is not required. If it is determined that the fair value of the reporting unit is more likely than not less than the carrying amount, the quantitative impairment test is required. The Company determines the fair value of the reporting unit and compares that fair value to the net book value of the reporting unit. The fair value of the reporting unit is determined using various valuation techniques, including a comparable companies market multiple approach and a discounted cash flow analysis (an income approach). If the net book value of the reporting unit were to exceed the fair value, the Company would recognize an impairment charge.
Impairment of Long-Lived Assets	Impairment of Long-Lived Assets The carrying value of long-lived assets held-and-used, other than goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets, is evaluated when events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying value may not be recoverable or the useful life has changed. The carrying value of a long-lived asset group is considered impaired when the total projected undiscounted cash flows from such asset group are separately identifiable and are less than the carrying value. In that event, a loss is recognized based on the amount by which the carrying value exceeds the fair market value of the long-lived asset group. Fair market value is determined primarily using present value techniques based on projected cash flows from the asset group. Losses on long-lived assets held-for-sale, other than goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets, are determined in a similar manner, except that fair market values are reduced for anticipated disposal costs.
Available-for-Sale Securities	Available-for-Sale Securities Short-term investments and other assets reported on the accompanying consolidated balance sheets include time deposits with financial institutions whose original maturity exceeds three months, but less than one year that are classified as held-to-maturity instruments, and investments in marketable securities that are classified as available-for-sale instruments. The available-for-sale instruments include assets that are held in trust related to the Company’s non-qualified pension and deferred compensation plans (see Note 11) and assets that are intended to fund a portion of the Company’s other postretirement benefit obligations outside of the U.S. These assets are reported at fair value, based on quoted market prices as of the end of the reporting period. Unrealized gains and losses are reported as Other Income (Expense) on the consolidated statements of operations. At the time of sale, the assets that are held in trust related to the Company’s non-qualified pension and deferred compensation plans, any gains (losses) calculated by the specific identification method are recognized as a reduction (increase) to benefits expense, within selling, general, and administrative expenses.
Financial Instruments	Financial Instruments The Company uses financial instruments in the normal course of its business, including from time to time, derivative financial instruments. Additionally, from time to time, the Company enters into contracts that are not considered derivative financial instruments in their entirety, but that include embedded derivative features. Other financial instruments include cash and cash equivalents, held-to-maturity short-term investments, accounts receivable, and notes payable. The carrying amounts of these financial instruments reported on the accompanying consolidated balance sheets approximate their fair values due to the short-term nature of these assets and liabilities. The fair value measurement accounting guidance establishes a valuation hierarchy of the inputs used to measure fair value. This hierarchy prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value into three broad levels. The following is a brief description of those three levels: Level 1: Observable inputs such as quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. Level 2: Inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly. These include quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets and quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active. Level 3: Unobservable inputs that reflect the Company’s own assumptions. An asset or liability’s classification within the hierarchy is determined based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement.
Stock-Based Compensation	Stock-Based Compensation Compensation costs related to stock-based payment transactions are recognized in the consolidated financial statements. The amount of compensation cost is measured based on the grant-date fair value of the equity (or liability) instruments issued. The Company determines compensation cost for restricted stock units ("RSUs") and phantom stock units based on the grant-date fair value of the underlying common stock adjusted for expected dividends paid over the required vesting period for non-participating awards. Compensation cost is recognized over the period that an officer, employee, or non-employee director is required to provide service in exchange for the award. For awards subject to graded vesting, the Company recognizes expense over the service period for each separately vesting portion of the award as if the award was, in-substance, multiple awards. The Company recognizes compensation cost for RSUs that are expected to vest and records cumulative adjustments in the period that the expectation changes.
Foreign Currency Translation	Foreign Currency Translation The Company has significant operations outside of the United States. The Company finances its operations in Europe and certain locations in Asia in local currencies, and accordingly, these subsidiaries utilize the local currency as their functional currency. The Company’s operations in Israel and most significant locations in Asia are largely financed in U.S. dollars, and accordingly, these subsidiaries utilize the U.S. dollar as their functional currency. For those subsidiaries where the local currency is the functional currency, assets and liabilities on the accompanying consolidated balance sheets have been translated at the rate of exchange as of the balance sheet date. Translation adjustments do not impact the consolidated results of operations and are reported as a separate component of stockholders’ equity. Revenues and expenses are translated at the average exchange rate for the year. While the translation of revenues and expenses into U.S. dollars does not directly impact the statement of operations, the translation effectively increases or decreases the U.S. dollar equivalent of revenues generated and expenses incurred in those foreign currencies. For those foreign subsidiaries where the U.S. dollar is the functional currency, all foreign currency financial statement amounts are remeasured into U.S. dollars. Exchange gains and losses arising from remeasurement of foreign currency-denominated monetary assets and liabilities are included in the consolidated results of operations.
Treasury Stock	Treasury Stock The Company records treasury stock at cost, inclusive of fees, commissions and other expenses, when outstanding common shares are repurchased.
Commitments and Contingencies	Commitments and Contingencies The Company has commitments for the purchase of assets to complete its construction in progress as disclosed above. The commitment period for substantially all of these purchase commitments is less than one year. The Company expects to have noncancellable purchase commitments with commitment periods in excess of one year associated with its significant facility expansion programs as the programs progress. As of December 31, 2022, there are no material noncancellable commitments associated with these programs. Liabilities for loss contingencies, including environmental remediation costs, arising from claims, assessments, litigation, fines, penalties, and other sources are recorded when it is probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount of the assessment and/or remediation can be reasonably estimated. The costs for a specific environmental remediation site are discounted if the aggregate amount of the obligation and the amount and timing of the cash payments for that site are fixed or reliably determinable based upon information derived from the remediation plan for that site. Accrued liabilities for environmental matters recorded at December 31, 2022 and 2021 do not include claims against third parties.
Self-Insurance Programs	Self-Insurance Programs The Company uses a combination of insurance and self-insurance mechanisms to provide for the potential liabilities for workers’ compensation, general liability, property damage, director and officers’ liability, and vehicle liability. As part of its self-insurance program for certain risks, the Company created a wholly-owned captive insurance entity in 2007. At December 31, 2022, the captive insurance entity provides only property and general liability insurance, although it is licensed to also provide directors’ and officers’ insurance. The captive insurance entity had no amounts accrued for outstanding claims at December 31, 2022 and 2021. Certain investments held by the captive insurance entity are restricted primarily for the purpose of potential insurance claims. Such amounts are recorded in other noncurrent assets, and total $9,352 and $9,153 at December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively, representing required statutory reserves of the captive insurance entity.
Leases	Leases The Company leases buildings and machinery and equipment used for manufacturing and/or sales and administrative purposes. The Company is also party to various service, warehousing, and other agreements that it evaluates for potential embedded leases. Substantially all of the Company’s leases are structured and classified as operating leases. The Company leases assets in each region in which it operates. The Company’s leases are generally denominated in the currency of the leased assets' location, which may not be the functional currency of the subsidiary lessee. Accordingly, the Company remeasures its lease liability and recognizes a transactional gain/loss for leases denominated in currencies other than the functional currency of the subsidiary lessee. The Company recognizes right of use assets and lease liabilities for leases greater than twelve months in duration based on the contract consideration for lease components through the term of the lease and the applicable discount rate. Leases with a duration less than or equal to twelve months are considered short-term leases. The Company does not recognize right of use assets or lease liabilities for short-term leases and classifies the expense as short-term lease expense. Variable lease payments based on an index or rate are included in the right of use assets and lease liabilities based on the effective rates at lease commencement. Changes in the rates or indices do not impact the right of use asset or lease liability and are recognized as a component of lease expense in the consolidated statements of operations. Variable lease payments not based on an index or rate are not included in the initial right of use asset and lease liability and are recognized when incurred as a component of lease expense in the consolidated statements of operations. The Company has elected to not separate contract consideration for lease and non-lease components for its building leases. In addition to the noncancellable period of a lease, the Company includes periods covered by extension options it is reasonably certain to exercise, termination options that it is reasonably certain not to exercise, and extension and termination options controlled by the lessor in its determination of the lease term. The Company uses the rate implicit in the contract whenever possible when determining the applicable discount rate. When the implicit rate is not used, the Company employs a portfolio approach based on the duration of the lease. The portfolio lease rates are calculated monthly. No individual lease is considered significant and there are no leases that have not yet commenced that are considered significant. See Note 4.
Restructuring and Severance Costs	Restructuring and Severance Costs Restructuring and severance costs reflect charges resulting from cost reduction programs implemented by the Company. Restructuring and severance costs include exit costs, severance benefits pursuant to an on-going arrangement, voluntary termination compensation under a defined program, and any related pension curtailment and settlement charges. The Company recognizes expense for one-time benefits only after management has committed to a plan, the plan is sufficiently detailed to provide the number, classification, and location of employees to be terminated as well as the expected completion date, the plan has been sufficiently communicated to employees such that they are able to determine the type and amount of benefits they will receive if terminated, and it is unlikely that the plan will be significantly changed or withdrawn. If an employee is not required to render service beyond a minimum retention period, the Company recognizes expense once the aforementioned criteria have been met. If an employee is required to render service beyond a minimum retention period, the Company recognizes expense over the period that the employee is required to render future service. The Company recognizes expense for on-going benefit arrangements when the liability is reasonably estimable and considered probable. The Company recognizes expense for voluntary separation / early retirement when the employee delivers an irrevocable voluntary termination notice pursuant to a defined Company program. The Company recognizes other exit costs as incurred. The Company paid cash of $11,474 in the year ended December 31, 2021 due to a restructuring program announced in 2019. The program was substantially completed as of December 31, 2021.
Reclassifications	Reclassifications Certain prior year amounts have been reclassified to conform with current year presentation. Such reclassifications had no effect on reported net earnings attributable to Vishay stockholders, total assets, stockholders' equity, or the statements of cash flows.

Earnings Per Share (Policies)	12 Months Ended
Earnings Per Share (Policies)	Dec. 31, 2022
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]
Discussion on convertible debt included in computation of earnings per share diluted	If the average market price of Vishay common stock is less than the effective conversion price of the convertible senior notes due 2025, no shares are included in the diluted earnings per share computation for the convertible senior notes due 2025. Upon Vishay exercising its existing right to legally amend the indenture governing the convertible senior notes due 2025, Vishay will satisfy its conversion obligations by paying $1 cash per $1 principal amount of converted notes and settle any additional amounts due in common stock. Accordingly, the notes are not anti-dilutive when the average market price of Vishay common stock is less than the effective conversion price of the convertible senior notes due 2025.

Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2022

Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets [Abstract]

Goodwill Rollforward

The changes in the carrying amount of goodwill by segment for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021 were as follows:

	MOSFETs		Optoelectronic Components		Resistors			Inductors		Total

Balance at December 31, 2020	$	-	$	96,849	$	35,519		$	25,815	$	158,183
Barry Industries acquisition		-		-		7,813			-		7,813
Exchange rate effects		-		-		(727	)		-		(727	)
Balance at December 31, 2021	$	-	$	96,849	$	42,605		$	25,815	$	165,269
MaxPower acquisition		36,885		-		-			-		36,885
Exchange rate effect		-		-		(722	)		-		(722	)
Balance at December 31, 2022	$	36,885	$	96,849	$	41,883		$	25,815	$	201,432

Other Intangible Assets

Other intangible assets are as follows:

	December 31, 2022			December 31, 2021

Intangible assets subject to amortization:
Patents and acquired technology	$	26,988		$	21,207
Capitalized software		58,735			57,909
Customer relationships		82,816			75,190
Tradenames		22,933			20,066
Other		400			400
		191,872			174,772
Accumulated amortization:
Patents and acquired technology		(14,743	)		(14,212	)
Capitalized software		(53,348	)		(52,729	)
Customer relationships		(33,021	)		(29,531	)
Tradenames		(12,731	)		(10,586	)
Other		(133	)		-
		(113,976	)		(107,058	)
Net intangible assets subject to amortization	$	77,896		$	67,714

Estimated Annual Amortization Expense for Each of the Next Five Years

Estimated annual amortization expense of intangible assets on the balance sheet at December 31, 2022 for each of the next five years is as follows:

2023	$	9,833
2024		9,537
2025		9,100
2026		8,314
2027		6,493

- Definition

Tabular disclosure of goodwill by reportable segment and in total which includes a rollforward schedule.

+ References

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 350
-SubTopic 20
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (h)
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=121556970&loc=d3e13816-109267

Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 350
-SubTopic 20
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (c)
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+ Details

Leases (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2022

Leases [Abstract]

Right of Use Assets and Lease Liabilities

The net right of use assets and lease liabilities recognized on the consolidated balance sheets for the Company's operating leases as of December 31, 2022 and 2021 are presented below:

	December 31, 2022		December 31, 2021
Right of use assets
Operating Leases
Buildings and improvements	$	126,933	$	112,951
Machinery and equipment		4,260		4,684
Total	$	131,193	$	117,635
Current lease liabilities
Operating Leases
Buildings and improvements	$	22,926	$	20,851
Machinery and equipment		2,393		2,541
Total	$	25,319	$	23,392
Long-term lease liabilities
Operating Leases
Buildings and improvements	$	106,693	$	97,890
Machinery and equipment		1,800		2,097
Total	$	108,493	$	99,987
Total lease liabilities	$	133,812	$	123,379

Lease Expense

Lease expense is classified in the statements of operations based on asset use. Total lease cost recognized on the consolidated statements of operations is as follows:

	Years ended December 31,
	2022		2021		2020
Lease expense
Operating lease expense	$	25,606	$	24,853	$	23,363
Short-term lease expense		971		2,031		930
Variable lease expense		365		359		248
Total lease expense	$	26,942	$	27,243	$	24,541

Undiscounted Future Lease Payments for Operating Lease Liabilities

The undiscounted future lease payments for the Company's operating lease liabilities are as follows:

2023	$	25,067
2024		22,891
2025		19,687
2026		16,989
2027		15,766
Thereafter		70,747

Income Taxes (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2022

Income Taxes [Abstract]

Expected installment payments of one-time transition tax on unremitted foreign earnings

The Company expects future installment payments as follows:

2023	$	27,670
2024		36,893
2025		46,117

Components of income (loss) from continuing operations before taxes and noncontrolling interest

Income (loss) before taxes consists of the following components:

	Years ended December 31,
	2022		2021		2020

Domestic	$	132,426	$	62,921	$	(25,884	)
Foreign		461,079		371,689		184,212
	$	593,505	$	434,610	$	158,328

Components of income taxes

Significant components of income taxes are as follows:

	Years ended December 31,
	2022			2021		2020

Current:
Federal	$	24,423		$	2,336	$	7,327
State and local		3,313			466		218
Foreign		121,810			82,258		55,399
		149,546			85,060		62,944
Deferred:
Federal		(40,136	)		554		(6,068	)
State and local		532			383		(538	)
Foreign		53,080			49,676		(21,793	)
		13,476			50,613		(28,399	)
Total income tax expense	$	163,022		$	135,673	$	34,545

Deferred tax assets and liabilities

	December 31,
	2022			2021

Deferred tax assets:
Pension and other retiree obligations	$	29,327		$	50,069
Inventories		21,040			17,168
Net operating loss carryforwards		82,498			115,200
Tax credit carryforwards		53,145			76,213
Other accruals and reserves		37,634			29,332
Total gross deferred tax assets		223,644			287,982
Less valuation allowance		(101,169	)		(186,204	)
		122,475			101,778
Deferred tax liabilities:
Property and equipment		(8,307	)		(1,514	)
Tax deductible goodwill		(6,144	)		(5,412	)
Earnings not indefinitely reinvested		(113,661	)		(67,172	)
Other - net		(6,879	)		(1,646	)
Total gross deferred tax liabilities		(134,991	)		(75,744	)

Net deferred tax assets (liabilities)	$	(12,516	)	$	26,034

Federal statutory income tax rate reconciliation

A reconciliation of income tax expense at the U.S. federal statutory income tax rate to actual income tax provision is as follows:

	Years ended December 31,
	2022			2021			2020

Tax at statutory rate	$	124,636		$	91,268		$	33,249
State income taxes, net of U.S. federal tax benefit		3,038			671			(252	)
Effect of foreign operations		13,422			5,521			(9,896	)
Tax on earnings not indefinitely reinvested		71,141			54,648			4,227
Unrecognized tax benefits		(4,699	)		1,318			4,351
Change in valuation allowance on deferred tax assets		(58,696	)		(14,921	)		-
Foreign income taxable in the U.S.		14,925			9,532			7,675
Foreign tax credit		(20,408	)		(9,477	)		(3,520	)
U.S. Base Erosion Anti-Abuse Tax		20,918			9,134			750
Change in U.S. tax regulations		-			(8,276	)		-
Other		(1,255	)		(3,745	)		(2,039	)
Total income tax expense	$	163,022		$	135,673		$	34,545

Net operating loss carryforwards

At December 31, 2022, the Company had the following significant net operating loss carryforwards for tax purposes:

			Expires
Austria	$	4,319	No expiration
Belgium		149,864	No expiration
Israel		8,024	No expiration
Japan		4,710		2025 - 2030
Netherlands		9,947	No expiration
The Republic of China (Taiwan)		13,741		2026 - 2028

California		19,650		2028 - 2041
Pennsylvania		585,446		2023 - 2042

Summary of significant tax credit carryforwards available

At December 31, 2022, the Company had the following significant tax credit carryforwards available:

			Expires
U.S. Foreign Tax Credit	$	34,089		2028 - 2030
California Research Credit		18,902	No expiration

Unrecognized tax benefits

The following table summarizes changes in the liabilities associated with unrecognized tax benefits:

	Years ended December 31,
	2022			2021			2020

Balance at beginning of year	$	26,719		$	40,652		$	36,868
Addition based on tax positions related to the current year		-			141			663
Addition based on tax positions related to prior years		3,197			1,037			8,358
Currency translation adjustments		(366	)		(523	)		1,361
Reduction based on tax positions related to prior years		-			(13,154	)		(3,152	)
Reduction for settlements		(9,420	)		(982	)		(3,446	)
Reduction for lapses of statute of limitation		(1,701	)		(452	)		-
Balance at end of year	$	18,429		$	26,719		$	40,652

Long-Term Debt (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2022

Long-Term Debt [Abstract]

Long-term debt instruments

Long-term debt consists of the following:

	December 31, 2022			December 31, 2021

Credit facility	$	42,000		$	-
Convertible senior notes, due 2025		465,344			465,344
Deferred financing costs		(6,407	)		(9,678	)
		500,937			455,666
Less current portion		-			-
	$	500,937		$	455,666

Key terms of the convertible debt instruments

The following table summarizes some key facts and terms regarding the outstanding convertible senior notes due 2025 as of December 31, 2022:

	Due 2025
Issuance date	June 12, 2018
Maturity date	June 15, 2025
Principal amount	$	465,344
Cash coupon rate (per annum)		2.25	%
Nonconvertible debt borrowing rate at issuance (per annum)		5.50	%
Conversion rate effective November 29, 2022 (per $1 principal amount)		32.0478
Effective conversion price effective November 29, 2022 (per share)	$	31.20
130% of the conversion price (per share)	$	40.56

Convertible Debt Interest Expense

Interest expense related to the convertible debt instruments is reflected on the accompanying consolidated statements of operations for the years ended December 31:

	Contractual coupon interest		Non-cash amortization of debt discount		Other non-cash interest expense		Total interest expense related to the debentures

2022
Convertible senior notes due 2025	$	10,470		-		1,733	$	12,203

2021
Convertible senior notes due 2025	$	10,470		-		1,733	$	12,203

2020
Convertible senior notes due 2025	$	12,097		13,118		1,623	$	26,838
Convertible senior debentures		88		43		-		131
Total	$	12,185	$	13,161	$	1,623	$	26,969

- Definition

Tabular disclosure of long-debt instruments or arrangements, including identification, terms, features, collateral requirements and other information necessary to a fair presentation. These are debt arrangements that originally required repayment more than twelve months after issuance or greater than the normal operating cycle of the entity, if longer.

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+ Details

Stockholders' Equity (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2022

Stockholders' Equity [Abstract]

Shares of common stock reserved for future issuance

At December 31, 2022, the Company had reserved shares of common stock for future issuance as follows:

Restricted stock units outstanding			894,000
Phantom stock units outstanding			226,000
2007 Stock Incentive Program - available to grant			1,637,000
Convertible senior notes, due 2025			14,913,251
Conversion of Class B common stock			12,097,148
			29,767,399

Schedule of Stockholder Return Policy [Table Text Block]

The following table summarizes activity pursuant to this policy:

	Year ended
	December 31, 2022
Dividends paid to stockholders	$	57,187
Stock repurchases		82,972
Total	$	140,159

- Definition

Tabular disclosure of an entity's stock, including par or stated value per share, number and dollar amount of share subscriptions, shares authorized, shares issued, shares outstanding, number and dollar amount of shares held in an employee trust, dividend per share, total dividends, share conversion features, par value plus additional paid in capital, the value of treasury stock and other information necessary to a fair presentation, and EPS information. Stock by class includes common, convertible, and preferred stocks which are not redeemable or redeemable solely at the option of the issuer. Includes preferred stock with redemption features that are solely within the control of the issuer and mandatorily redeemable stock if redemption is required to occur only upon liquidation or termination of the reporting entity. If more than one issue is outstanding, state the title of each issue and the corresponding dollar amount; dollar amount of any shares subscribed but unissued and the deduction of subscriptions receivable there from; number of shares authorized, issued, and outstanding.

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+ Details

Other Income (Expense) (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2022

Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic [Abstract]

Summary of other Income (expense)

The caption “Other” on the accompanying consolidated statements of operations consists of the following:

	Years ended December 31,
	2022			2021			2020

Foreign exchange gain (loss)	$	5,690		$	(2,692	)	$	(4,095	)
Interest income		7,560			1,269			3,709
Other components of periodic pension expense		(11,090	)		(13,206	)		(13,613	)
Investment income (expense)		(6,812	)		(1,036	)		2,271
Other		(200	)		11			(26	)
	$	(4,852	)	$	(15,654	)	$	(11,754	)

Other Accrued Expenses (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2022

Other Accrued Expenses [Abstract]

Summary of Other Accrued Expenses

Other accrued expenses consist of the following:

	December 31,
	2022			2021

Sales returns and allowances		$	46,979		$	39,759
Goods received, not yet invoiced			60,201			53,736
Accrued VAT taxes payable			55,010			46,240
Other			99,416			78,354
		$	261,606		$	218,089

Sales Returns and Allowances Accrual Activity

Sales returns and allowances accrual activity is shown below:

	Years Ended December 31,
	2022			2021			2020
Beginning balance	$	39,759		$	39,629		$	40,508
Sales returns and allowances		102,640			89,832			88,844
Credits issued		(94,682	)		(88,708	)		(90,824	)
Foreign currency		(738	)		(994	)		1,101
Ending balance	$	46,979		$	39,759		$	39,629

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2022

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Abstract]

Summary of components of other comprehensive income

The cumulative balance of each component of other comprehensive income (loss) and the income tax effects allocated to each component are as follows:

	Pension and other post- retirement actuarial items			Currency translation adjustment			Total

Balance at January 1, 2020	$	(68,020	)	$	41,374		$	(26,646	)
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications		(22,055	)		49,260		$	27,205
Tax effect		5,288			-		$	5,288
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications, net of tax		(16,767	)		49,260		$	32,493
Amounts reclassified out of AOCI		10,168			-		$	10,168
Tax effect		(2,456	)		-		$	(2,456	)
Amounts reclassified out of AOCI, net of tax		7,712			-		$	7,712
Net comprehensive income (loss)	$	(9,055	)	$	49,260		$	40,205
Balance at December 31, 2020	$	(77,075	)	$	90,634		$	13,559
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications		12,592			(51,978	)	$	(39,386	)
Tax effect		(2,509	)		-		$	(2,509	)
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications, net of tax		10,083			(51,978	)	$	(41,895	)
Amounts reclassified out of AOCI		10,677			-		$	10,677
Tax effect		(2,593	)		-		$	(2,593	)
Amounts reclassified out of AOCI, net of tax		8,084			-		$	8,084
Net comprehensive income (loss)	$	18,167		$	(51,978	)	$	(33,811	)
Balance at December 31, 2021	$	(58,908	)	$	38,656		$	(20,252	)
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications		60,949			(41,885	)	$	19,064
Tax effect		(15,783	)		-		$	(15,783	)
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications, net of tax		45,166			(41,885	)	$	3,281
Amounts reclassified out of AOCI		8,260			-		$	8,260
Tax effect		(2,116	)		-		$	(2,116	)
Amounts reclassified out of AOCI, net of tax		6,144			-		$	6,144
Net comprehensive income (loss)	$	51,310		$	(41,885	)	$	9,425
Balance at December 31, 2022	$	(7,598	)	$	(3,229	)	$	(10,827	)

Pensions and Other Postretirement Benefits (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2022

Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]

Retirement Plan amounts recorded on consolidated balance sheets

The following table summarizes amounts recorded on the accompanying consolidated balance sheets associated with these various retirement benefit plans:

	December 31,
	2022			2021

Included in "Other assets":
Non-U.S. pension plans	$	4,715		$	3,145
Total included in other assets	$	4,715		$	3,145
Included in "Payroll and related expenses":
U.S. pension plans	$	(6,378	)	$	(35	)
Non-U.S. pension plans		(6,827	)		(7,602	)
U.S. other postretirement plans		(497	)		(975	)
Non-U.S. other postretirement plans		(666	)		(696	)
Total included in payroll and related expenses	$	(14,368	)	$	(9,308	)
Accrued pension and other postretirement costs:
U.S. pension plans	$	(30,843	)	$	(45,578	)
Non-U.S. pension plans		(135,809	)		(197,796	)
U.S. other postretirement plans		(3,831	)		(6,636	)
Non-U.S. other postretirement plans		(6,049	)		(7,086	)
Other retirement obligations		(10,560	)		(14,576	)
Total accrued pension and other postretirement costs	$	(187,092	)	$	(271,672	)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss:
U.S. pension plans	$	69		$	9,403
Non-U.S. pension plans		16,392			72,437
U.S. other postretirement plans		(2,031	)		837
Non-U.S. other postretirement plans		743			1,706
Total accumulated other comprehensive loss*	$	15,173		$	84,383

* - Amounts included in accumulated other comprehensive loss are presented in this table pre-tax

Defined Benefit Pension Plans [Member]

Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]

Reconciliation of benefit obligation, plan assets, and funded status

The following table sets forth a reconciliation of the benefit obligation, plan assets, and funded status related to U.S. and non-U.S. pension plans:

	December 31, 2022						December 31, 2021
	U.S. Plans			Non-U.S. Plans			U.S. Plans			Non-U.S. Plans

Change in benefit obligation:
Benefit obligation at beginning of year	$	45,613		$	278,173		$	45,564		$	307,809
Service cost		-			4,199			-			4,693
Interest cost		1,122			3,200			1,016			2,968
Plan amendments		-			79			-			490
Actuarial (gains) losses		(7,668	)		(45,102	)		870			(7,816	)
Benefits paid		(1,846	)		(16,777	)		(1,837	)		(14,773	)
Curtailments and settlements		-			-			-			(34	)
Currency translation		-			(20,231	)		-			(15,164	)
Benefit obligation at end of year	$	37,221		$	203,541		$	45,613		$	278,173

Change in plan assets:
Fair value of plan assets at beginning of year	$	-		$	75,920		$	-			74,334
Actual return on plan assets		-			790			-			2,792
Company contributions		1,846			13,212			1,837			13,095
Benefits paid		(1,846	)		(16,777	)		(1,837	)		(14,773	)
Currency translation		-			(7,525	)		-			472
Fair value of plan assets at end of year	$	-		$	65,620		$	-		$	75,920

Funded status at end of year	$	(37,221	)	$	(137,921	)	$	(45,613	)	$	(202,253	)

Amounts recognized in consolidated balance sheet

Amounts recognized in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets consist of the following:

	December 31, 2022						December 31, 2021
	U.S. Plans			Non-U.S. Plans			U.S. Plans			Non-U.S. Plans

Other assets	$	-		$	4,715		$	-		$	3,145
Accrued benefit liability - current		(6,378	)		(6,827	)		(35	)		(7,602	)
Accrued benefit liability - non-current		(30,843	)		(135,809	)		(45,578	)		(197,796	)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss		69			16,392			9,403			72,437
	$	(37,152	)	$	(121,529	)	$	(36,210	)	$	(129,816	)

Components of actuarial items

Actuarial items consist of the following:

	December 31, 2022							December 31, 2021
	U.S. Plans				Non-U.S. Plans			U.S. Plans			Non-U.S. Plans

Unrecognized net actuarial (gain) loss		$	(140	)		$	15,628		$	9,050		$	71,632
Unamortized prior service cost			209				764			353			805
		$	69			$	16,392		$	9,403		$	72,437

Projected and accumulated benefit obligations

The following table sets forth additional information regarding the projected and accumulated benefit obligations:

	December 31, 2022				December 31, 2021
	U.S. Plans		Non-U.S. Plans		U.S. Plans		Non-U.S. Plans

Accumulated benefit obligation, all plans	$	37,221	$	176,056	$	45,613	$	259,087

Plans for which the accumulated benefit obligation exceeds plan assets:
Projected benefit obligation	$	37,221	$	181,207	$	45,613	$	247,796
Accumulated benefit obligation		37,221		159,433		45,613		235,764
Fair value of plan assets		-		38,854		-		44,604

Components of the net periodic benefit costs

The following table sets forth the components of net periodic pension cost:

	Years ended December 31,
	2022					2021					2020
	U.S. Plans		Non-U.S. Plans			U.S. Plans		Non-U.S. Plans			U.S. Plans		Non-U.S. Plans

Service cost	$	-	$	4,199		$	-	$	4,693		$	-	$	4,382
Interest cost		1,122		3,200			1,016		2,968			1,366		3,783
Expected return on plan assets		-		(1,725	)		-		(1,660	)		-		(2,004	)
Amortization of actuarial losses		1,523		4,760			2,032		7,444			1,609		6,554
Amortization of prior service cost		144		216			144		189			144		378
Curtailment and settlement losses		-		1,190			-		632			-		1,148
Net periodic pension cost	$	2,789	$	11,840		$	3,192	$	14,266		$	3,119	$	14,241

Weighted average assumptions used

The following weighted average assumptions were used to determine benefit obligations at December 31 of the respective years:

	2022						2021
	U.S. Plans			Non-U.S. Plans			U.S. Plans			Non-U.S. Plans
Discount rate		5.50	%		3.57	%		2.50	%		1.19	%
Rate of compensation increase		0.00	%		2.60	%		0.00	%		2.07	%

The following weighted average assumptions were used to determine the net periodic pension costs:

	Years ended December 31,
	2022						2021
	U.S. Plans			Non-U.S. Plans			U.S. Plans			Non-U.S. Plans
Discount rate		2.50	%		1.19	%		2.25	%		1.02	%
Rate of compensation increase		0.00	%		2.07	%		0.00	%		2.02	%
Expected return on plan assets		0.00	%		2.96	%		0.00	%		2.37	%

Estimated future benefit payments

Estimated future benefit payments are as follows:

	U.S. Plans		Non-U.S. Plans

2023	$	8,365	$	15,741
2024		3,295		14,669
2025		3,247		15,553
2026		8,552		17,068
2027		3,277		15,004
2028-2032		9,742		70,832

Other Postretirement Benefits [Member]

Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]

Reconciliation of benefit obligation, plan assets, and funded status

The following table sets forth a reconciliation of the benefit obligation, plan assets, and accrued benefit cost related to U.S. and non-U.S. non-pension defined benefit postretirement plans:

	December 31, 2022						December 31, 2021
	U.S. Plans			Non-U.S. Plans			U.S. Plans			Non-U.S. Plans

Change in benefit obligation:
Benefit obligation at beginning of year	$	7,611		$	7,782		$	7,723		$	8,510
Service cost		39			237			102			278
Interest cost		178			55			163			42
Actuarial (gains) losses		(2,525	)		(749	)		545			(77	)
Benefits paid		(975	)		(147	)		(922	)		(319	)
Currency translation		-			(463	)		-			(652	)
Benefit obligation at end of year	$	4,328		$	6,715		$	7,611		$	7,782

Fair value of plan assets at end of year	$	-		$	-		$	-		$	-

Funded status at end of year	$	(4,328	)	$	(6,715	)	$	(7,611	)	$	(7,782	)

Amounts recognized in consolidated balance sheet

Amounts recognized in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets consist of the following:

	December 31, 2022								December 31, 2021
	U.S. Plans				Non-U.S. Plans				U.S. Plans				Non-U.S. Plans

Accrued benefit liability - current		$	(497	)		$	(666	)		$	(975	)		$	(696	)
Accrued benefit liability - non-current			(3,831	)			(6,049	)			(6,636	)			(7,086	)
Accumulated other comprehensive (income) loss			(2,031	)			743				837				1,706
		$	(6,359	)		$	(5,972	)		$	(6,774	)		$	(6,076	)

Components of actuarial items

Actuarial items consist of the following:

	December 31, 2022						December 31, 2021
	U.S. Plans			Non-U.S. Plans			U.S. Plans			Non-U.S. Plans

Unrecognized net actuarial loss (gain)		$	(2,031)		$	743		$	837		$	1,706
		$	(2,031)		$	743		$	837		$	1,706

Components of the net periodic benefit costs

The following table sets forth the components of net periodic benefit cost:

	Years ended December 31,
	2022				2021				2020
	U.S. Plans		Non-U.S. Plans		U.S. Plans		Non-U.S. Plans		U.S. Plans		Non-U.S. Plans

Service cost	$	39	$	237	$	102	$	278	$	112	$	284
Interest cost		178		55		163		42		236		64
Amortization of actuarial (gains) losses		342		85		53		116		26		132
Curtailment and settlement losses		-		-		-		67		-		177
Net periodic benefit cost (benefit)	$	559	$	377	$	318	$	503	$	374	$	657

Weighted average assumptions used

The following weighted average assumptions were used to determine benefit obligations at December 31 of the respective years:

	2022						2021
	U.S. Plans			Non-U.S. Plans			U.S. Plans			Non-U.S. Plans

Discount rate		5.50	%		3.86	%		2.50	%		0.80	%
Rate of compensation increase		0.00	%		4.19	%		0.00	%		2.88	%

The following weighted average assumptions were used to determine the net periodic benefit costs:

	Years ended December 31,
	2022						2021
	U.S. Plans			Non-U.S. Plans			U.S. Plans			Non-U.S. Plans

Discount rate		2.50	%		0.80	%		2.25	%		0.54	%
Rate of compensation increase		0.00	%		2.88	%		0.00	%		2.87	%

Estimated future benefit payments

Estimated future benefit payments are as follows:

	U.S. Plans		Non-U.S. Plans

2023	$	497	$	666
2024		491		246
2025		475		517
2026		480		185
2027		427		1,278
2028-2032		1,671		3,607

Stock-Based Compensation (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2022

Stock-Based Compensation [Abstract]

Summary of recognized stock-based compensation expense

The following table summarizes share-based compensation expense recognized:

	Years ended December 31,
	2022		2021		2020

Restricted stock units	$	6,323	$	6,396	$	5,061
Phantom stock units		222		209		215
Total	$	6,545	$	6,605	$	5,276

Summary of unrecognized compensation cost and weighted average remaining amortization periods

The following table summarizes unrecognized compensation cost and the weighted average remaining amortization periods at December 31, 2022 (amortization periods in years):

	Unrecognized Compensation Cost		Weighted Average Remaining Amortization Periods

Restricted stock units	$	3,241		0.7
Phantom stock units		-		0.0
Total	$	3,241

Restricted stock units activity

RSU activity is presented below (number of RSUs in thousands):

	Years ended December 31,
	2022						2021						2020
	Number of RSUs			Weighted Average Grant-date Fair Value			Number of RSUs			Weighted Average Grant-date Fair Value			Number of RSUs			Weighted Average Grant-date Fair Value

Outstanding:
Beginning of year		877			$	20.08		793			$	18.90		842			$	17.93
Granted		336				19.13		319				22.07		272				18.30
Vested*		(306	)			20.04		(235	)			18.79		(308	)			15.70
Cancelled or forfeited		(13	)			20.50		-				-		(13	)			19.06
End of year		894			$	19.73		877			$	20.08		793			$	18.90

Expected to vest		894						877						793

* The number of RSUs vested includes shares that the Company withheld on behalf of employees to satisfy statutory tax withholding requirements.

RSUs with performance-based vesting criteria

Vesting Date	Expected to Vest		Not Expected to Vest		Total
January 1, 2023**		152		-		152
January 1, 2024		165		-		165
January 1, 2025		168		-		168

** The performance vesting criteria for the performance-based RSUs with a vesting date of January 1, 2023 were achieved.

Phantom stock units activity under the 2007 Program

The following table summarizes the Company’s phantom stock units activity (number of phantom stock units in thousands):

	Years ended December 31,
	2022				2021				2020
	Number of Phantom Stock Units		Grant-date Fair Value per Unit		Number of Phantom Stock Units		Grant-date Fair Value per Unit		Number of Phantom Stock Units		Grant-date Fair Value per Unit

Outstanding:
Beginning of year		212				198				183
Granted		10	$	22.20		10	$	20.89		10	$	21.49
Dividend equivalents issued		4				4				5
End of year		226				212				198

Current Vulnerability Due to Certain Concentrations (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2022

Geographic Concentration [Member]

Concentration Risk [Line Items]

Current Vulnerability Due to Certain Concentrations

As of December 31, 2022 the Company’s cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments were concentrated in the following countries:

Germany	36.5	%
Israel	12.9	%
Singapore	11.8	%
People's Republic of China	11.1	%
United States	9.1	%
The Republic of China (Taiwan)	9.1	%
Other Asia	6.2	%
Other Europe	2.3	%
Other	1.0	%

Credit Concentration Risk [Member]

Concentration Risk [Line Items]

Current Vulnerability Due to Certain Concentrations

As of December 31, 2022, the following financial institutions held over 10% of the Company’s combined cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments balance:

JPMorgan*	14.8	%
MUFG Bank Ltd.*	14.4	%
Santander*	12.8	%
UniCredit Bank*	11.0	%
Bank Leumi*	10.4	%

*Participant in Credit Facility

Segment and Geographic Data (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2022

Segment and Geographic Data [Abstract]

Segment reporting information

The following tables set forth business segment information:

	MOSFETs		Diodes		Optoelectronic Components		Resistors		Inductors		Capacitors		Corporate / Other			Total

Year ended December 31, 2022:
Net revenues	$	762,260	$	765,220	$	296,384	$	832,806	$	331,086	$	509,645	$	-		$	3,497,401
Segment Operating Income		228,692		176,422		85,456		235,259		93,453		104,810		(6,661	)	$	917,431
Depreciation expense		30,551		40,014		14,065		34,903		14,927		14,286		7,118		$	155,864
Capital expenditures		90,297		69,126		27,776		76,702		35,102		15,214		11,091		$	325,308

Total Assets as of December 31, 2022:	$	672,048	$	814,017	$	385,388	$	861,870	$	322,893	$	496,924	$	312,513		$	3,865,653

Year ended December 31, 2021:
Net revenues	$	667,998	$	709,416	$	302,714	$	752,554	$	335,638	$	472,167	$	-		$	3,240,487
Segment Operating Income		148,652		145,814		82,378		190,953		97,482		85,342		-		$	750,621
Depreciation expense		30,257		40,406		14,585		34,344		14,448		17,129		8,078		$	159,247
Capital expenditures		44,227		45,772		25,068		57,729		24,377		13,099		8,100		$	218,372

Total Assets as of December 31, 2021:	$	503,937	$	815,751	$	377,815	$	783,390	$	355,353	$	496,129	$	210,882		$	3,543,257

Year ended December 31, 2020:
Net revenues	$	501,380	$	502,548	$	236,616	$	606,183	$	293,629	$	361,542	$	-		$	2,501,898
Segment Operating Income		76,548		69,663		50,369		130,700		82,472		50,753		(4,563	)	$	455,942
Depreciation expense		30,835		39,380		16,003		32,531		13,821		17,349		8,198		$	158,117
Capital expenditures		18,621		31,960		12,873		21,298		20,730		11,198		6,919		$	123,599

Total Assets as of December 31, 2020:	$	447,867	$	704,606	$	341,517	$	693,251	$	330,092	$	438,906	$	198,234		$	3,154,473

Operating margin reconciliation

	Years ended December 31,
	2022			2021			2020
Reconciliation:
Segment Operating Income	$	917,431		$	750,621		$	455,942
Restructuring and Severance Costs		-			-			(743	)
Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Selling, General, and Administrative Expenses		(546	)		-			1,451
Unallocated Selling, General, and Administrative Expenses		(301,399	)		(282,819	)		(246,940	)
Consolidated Operating Income (Loss)	$	615,486		$	467,802		$	209,710
Unallocated Other Income (Expense)		(21,981	)		(33,192	)		(51,382	)
Consolidated Income Before Taxes	$	593,505		$	434,610		$	158,328

Disaggregation of Revenue

The Company has a broad line of products that it sells to OEMs, EMS companies, and independent distributors. The distribution of sales by customer type is shown below:

	Years Ended December 31,
	2022		2021		2020
Distributors	$	2,019,842	$	1,902,499	$	1,328,953
OEMs		1,229,114		1,138,569		1,003,090
EMS companies		248,445		199,419		169,855
	$	3,497,401	$	3,240,487	$	2,501,898

Net revenues were attributable to customers in the following regions:

	Years Ended December 31,
	2022		2021		2020

Asia	$	1,347,893	$	1,392,267	$	1,028,073
Europe		1,146,898		1,072,025		854,847
Americas		1,002,610		776,195		618,978
	$	3,497,401	$	3,240,487	$	2,501,898

	Years Ended December 31,
	2022		2021		2020

Industrial	$	1,377,043	$	1,269,150	$	864,032
Automotive		1,067,499		994,039		796,853
Computing		225,746		245,463		204,166
Military and Aerospace		215,078		170,484		162,484
Consumer Products		182,884		165,384		118,896
Power Supplies		175,456		165,190		116,966
Medical		133,808		130,126		129,500
Telecommunications		119,887		100,651		109,001
	$	3,497,401	$	3,240,487	$	2,501,898

Revenues Based on Geographic Area

The following table summarizes net revenues based on revenues generated by subsidiaries located within the identified geographic area:

	Years ended December 31,
	2022		2021		2020

United States	$	974,503	$	750,862	$	592,460
Germany		1,005,796		976,907		772,194
Other Europe		142,454		134,773		103,475
Israel		25,844		20,362		16,609
Asia		1,348,804		1,357,583		1,017,160
	$	3,497,401	$	3,240,487	$	2,501,898

Property and Equipment Based on Geographic Area

The following table summarizes property and equipment based on physical location:

	December 31,
	2022		2021

United States	$	144,112	$	115,036
Germany		229,449		203,414
Other Europe		118,672		110,859
Israel		87,174		76,057
People's Republic of China		250,669		218,721
Republic of China (Taiwan)		192,456		168,165
Other Asia		98,332		81,741
Other		9,595		5,486
	$	1,130,459	$	979,479

Earnings Per Share (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2022

Earnings Per Share [Abstract]

Computation of Basic and Diluted Earnings per Share

The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted earnings per share attributable to Vishay stockholders (shares in thousands):

	Years ended December 31,
	2022		2021		2020

Numerator:
Net earnings attributable to Vishay stockholders	$	428,810	$	297,970	$	122,923

Denominator:
Denominator for basic earnings per share:
Weighted average shares		143,176		144,796		144,641
Outstanding phantom stock units		223		209		195
Adjusted weighted average shares - basic		143,399		145,005		144,836

Effect of dilutive securities:
Restricted stock units		516		488		362
Convertible debt instruments		-		2		30
Dilutive potential common shares		516		490		392

Denominator for diluted earnings per share:
Adjusted weighted average shares - diluted		143,915		145,495		145,228


Basic earnings per share attributable to Vishay stockholders	$	2.99	$	2.05	$	0.85

Diluted earnings per share attributable to Vishay stockholders	$	2.98	$	2.05	$	0.85

Weighted Average Potential Common Shares that Would have an Antidilutive Effect or have Unsatisfied Performance Conditions

Diluted earnings per share for the years presented do not reflect the following weighted average potential common shares, as the effect would be antidilutive (in thousands):

	Years ended December 31,
	2022		2021		2020

Convertible debt instruments:
Convertible Senior Debentures, due 2041		-		-		100
Convertible Senior Notes, due 2025		-		-		17,062
Weighted average other		251		279		341

Additional Cash Flow Information (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2022

Additional Cash Flow Information [Abstract]

Changes in operating assets and liabilities

Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of effects of businesses acquired, consist of the following:

	Years ended December 31,
	2022			2021			2020

Accounts receivable	$	(26,696	)	$	(67,707	)	$	4,662
Inventories		(119,595	)		(121,492	)		(24,204	)
Prepaid expenses and other current assets		(11,380	)		(35,377	)		12,692
Accounts payable		(61,665	)		61,481			18,485
Other current liabilities		77,223			79,683			6,157
Net change in operating assets and liabilities	$	(142,113	)	$	(83,412	)	$	17,792

Fair Value Measurements (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2022

Fair Value Measurements [Abstract]

Fair Value of Assets and Liabilities Carried at Fair Value Measured on Recurring Basis

The following table provides the financial assets and liabilities carried at fair value measured on a recurring basis:

	Total Fair Value		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3

December 31, 2022
Assets:
Assets held in rabbi trusts	$	50,173	$	27,168	$	23,005	$	-
Available for sale securities	$	3,677		3,677		-		-
Precious metals	$	1,252		1,252		-		-
Non - U.S. Defined Benefit Pension Plan Assets:
Equity securities	$	5,876		5,876		-		-
Fixed income securities	$	18,406		18,406		-		-
Cash	$	41,338		41,338		-		-
	$	120,722	$	97,717	$	23,005	$	-

Liability:
MaxPower acquisition contingent consideration	$	6,870		-		-		6,870

December 31, 2021
Assets:
Assets held in rabbi trusts	$	59,687	$	32,713	$	26,974	$	-
Available for sale securities	$	4,455		4,455		-		-
Non - U.S. Defined Benefit Pension Plan Assets:
Equity securities	$	10,627		10,627		-		-
Fixed income securities	$	19,690		19,690		-		-
Cash	$	45,603		45,603		-		-
	$	140,062	$	113,088	$	26,974	$	-

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Details) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2022 USD ($) Obligation	Dec. 31, 2021 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2020 USD ($)
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Cash paid		$ 11,474
Minimum ownership of entities that do not have a non-controlling interest (in hundredths)	100.00%
Revenue Recognition [Abstract]
Number of performance obligations \| Obligation	2
Research and Development Expenses [Abstract]
Research and development expense	$ 81,182	77,377	$ 70,861
Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Short-Term Investments [Abstract]
Minimum number of months until maturity from original purchase date for a highly liquid investment to be considered a short-term investment (in months)	3 months
Allowance for Doubtful Accounts [Abstract]
Bad debt expense	$ 365	384	475
Property and Equipment [Abstract]
Estimated cost to complete construction in progress	491,500
Depreciation expense	155,864	159,247	158,117
Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets [Abstract]
Indefinite-lived intangible assets	0	0
Self-Insurance Programs [Abstract]
Outstanding claim accrual	0	0
Cash and investments restricted for potential insurance claims	9,352	9,153
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Cumulative effect of accounting change for adoption of ASU	$ 773,228	$ 401,694
Maximum [Member]
Revenue Recognition [Abstract]
Payment terms of sales	60 days
Collection period of receivables	12 months
Maximum [Member] \| Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Start Date [Axis]: 2019-12-31
Revenue Recognition [Abstract]
Expected timing of satisfaction of performance obligation	24 months
Machinery and Equipment [Member] \| Minimum [Member]
Property and Equipment [Abstract]
Useful Life	7 years
Machinery and Equipment [Member] \| Maximum [Member]
Property and Equipment [Abstract]
Useful Life	10 years
Building and Building Improvements [Member] \| Minimum [Member]
Property and Equipment [Abstract]
Useful Life	20 years
Building and Building Improvements [Member] \| Maximum [Member]
Property and Equipment [Abstract]
Useful Life	40 years
Patents and Acquired Technology [Member] \| Minimum [Member]
Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets [Abstract]
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets, Useful Life	7 years
Patents and Acquired Technology [Member] \| Maximum [Member]
Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets [Abstract]
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets, Useful Life	25 years
Capitalized Software [Member] \| Minimum [Member]
Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets [Abstract]
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets, Useful Life	3 years
Capitalized Software [Member] \| Maximum [Member]
Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets [Abstract]
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets, Useful Life	10 years
Customer Relationships [Member] \| Minimum [Member]
Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets [Abstract]
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets, Useful Life	5 years
Customer Relationships [Member] \| Maximum [Member]
Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets [Abstract]
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets, Useful Life	20 years
Non-competition Agreements [Member] \| Minimum [Member]
Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets [Abstract]
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets, Useful Life	3 years
Non-competition Agreements [Member] \| Maximum [Member]
Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets [Abstract]
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets, Useful Life	10 years
Accounting Standards Update 2020-06 [Member] \| Cumulative Effect, Period of Adoption, Adjustment [Member]
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Cumulative effect of accounting change for adoption of ASU			$ (45,512)

Acquisition and Divestiture Activities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands		12 Months Ended
	Oct. 01, 2020	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Business Acquisition, Equity Interests Issued or Issuable [Line Items]
Acquisition of business, net of cash acquired		$ 50,000	$ 20,847	$ 25,852
Goodwill related to acquisitions		36,885	7,813
Business Combination, Recognized Identifiable Assets Acquired and Liabilities Assumed, Net [Abstract]
Goodwill		$ 201,432	$ 165,269	$ 158,183
Applied Thin-Film Products [Member]
Business Acquisition, Equity Interests Issued or Issuable [Line Items]
Business acquisition, effective date of acquisition	Oct. 01, 2020
Business acquisition, name of acquired entity	Applied Thin-Film Products
Acquisition of business, net of cash acquired	$ 25,852
Definite-lived intangible assets	10,800
Goodwill related to acquisitions	$ 6,548
Barry Industries [Member]
Business Acquisition, Equity Interests Issued or Issuable [Line Items]
Business acquisition, effective date of acquisition			Dec. 31, 2021
Business acquisition, name of acquired entity			Barry Industries
Acquisition of business, net of cash acquired			$ 20,847
Definite-lived intangible assets			9,600
Goodwill related to acquisitions			$ 7,813
MaxPower Semiconductor, Inc. [Member]
Business Acquisition, Equity Interests Issued or Issuable [Line Items]
Business acquisition, effective date of acquisition		Oct. 28, 2022
Business acquisition, name of acquired entity		MaxPower Semiconductor, Inc.
Acquisition of business, net of cash acquired		$ 50,000
Definite-lived intangible assets		18,600
Goodwill related to acquisitions		36,885
Business Combination, Liabilities Arising from Contingencies, Amount Recognized		6,851
Business Combination, Contingent Consideration Arrangements, Range of Outcomes, Value, High		$ 57,500

Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands		12 Months Ended
	Oct. 01, 2020	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Goodwill [Roll Forward]
Balance at beginning of period		$ 165,269	$ 158,183
Goodwill acquired during period		36,885	7,813
Exchange rate effects		(722)	(727)
Balance at end of period		201,432	165,269	$ 158,183
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Intangible Assets Subject to Amortization		191,872	174,772
Accumulated amortization		(113,976)	(107,058)
Net Intangible Assets Subject to Amortization		77,896	67,714
Intangible assets, net		77,896	67,714
Amortization expense (excluding capitalized software)		8,127	7,790	8,113
Finite Lived Intangible Assets Future Amortization Expense [Abstract]
2023		9,833
2024		9,537
2025		9,100
2026		8,314
2027		6,493
Applied Thin-Film Products [Member]
Goodwill [Roll Forward]
Goodwill acquired during period	$ 6,548
Barry Industries [Member]
Goodwill [Roll Forward]
Goodwill acquired during period			7,813
MOSFETS [Member]
Goodwill [Roll Forward]
Balance at beginning of period		0	0
Goodwill acquired during period		36,885	0
Exchange rate effects		0	0
Balance at end of period		36,885	0	0
Optoelectronic Components [Member]
Goodwill [Roll Forward]
Balance at beginning of period		96,849	96,849
Goodwill acquired during period		0	0
Exchange rate effects		0	0
Balance at end of period		96,849	96,849	96,849
Resistors [Member]
Goodwill [Roll Forward]
Balance at beginning of period		42,605	35,519
Goodwill acquired during period		0	7,813
Exchange rate effects		(722)	(727)
Balance at end of period		41,883	42,605	35,519
Inductors [Member]
Goodwill [Roll Forward]
Balance at beginning of period		25,815	25,815
Goodwill acquired during period		0	0
Exchange rate effects		0	0
Balance at end of period		25,815	25,815	$ 25,815
Patents and Acquired Technology [Member]
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Intangible Assets Subject to Amortization		26,988	21,207
Accumulated amortization		(14,743)	(14,212)
Capitalized Software [Member]
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Intangible Assets Subject to Amortization		58,735	57,909
Accumulated amortization		(53,348)	(52,729)
Customer Relationships [Member]
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Intangible Assets Subject to Amortization		82,816	75,190
Accumulated amortization		(33,021)	(29,531)
Tradenames [Member]
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Intangible Assets Subject to Amortization		22,933	20,066
Accumulated amortization		(12,731)	(10,586)
Other [Member]
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Intangible Assets Subject to Amortization		400	400
Accumulated amortization		$ (133)	$ 0

Leases (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
Leases (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Assets and Liabilities [Abstract]
Right of use assets	$ 131,193	$ 117,635
Current lease liabilities	25,319	23,392
Long-term lease liabilities	108,493	99,987
Total lease liabilities	133,812	123,379
Lease expense [Abstract]
Operating lease expense	25,606	24,853	$ 23,363
Short-term lease expense	971	2,031	930
Variable lease expense	365	359	248
Total lease expense	26,942	27,243	24,541
Cash paid for operating leases	$ 24,074	23,899	$ 23,814
Weighted-average remaining lease term - operating leases	9 years 9 months 18 days
Weighted-average discount rate - operating leases	6.00%
Undiscounted future lease payments for operating lease liabilities [Abstract]
2023	$ 25,067
2024	22,891
2025	19,687
2026	16,989
2027	15,766
Thereafter	70,747
Building and Improvements [Member]
Assets and Liabilities [Abstract]
Right of use assets	126,933	112,951
Current lease liabilities	22,926	20,851
Long-term lease liabilities	106,693	97,890
Machinery and Equipment [Member]
Assets and Liabilities [Abstract]
Right of use assets	4,260	4,684
Current lease liabilities	2,393	2,541
Long-term lease liabilities	$ 1,800	$ 2,097

Income Taxes (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
Income Taxes (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Income (loss) from continuing operations before taxes and noncontrolling interests [Abstract]
Domestic	$ 132,426	$ 62,921	$ (25,884)
Foreign	461,079	371,689	184,212
Income before taxes	593,505	434,610	158,328
Current:
Federal	24,423	2,336	7,327
State and local	3,313	466	218
Foreign	121,810	82,258	55,399
Total current income tax expense	149,546	85,060	62,944
Deferred:
Federal	(40,136)	554	(6,068)
State and local	532	383	(538)
Foreign	53,080	49,676	(21,793)
Total deferred income tax expense	13,476	50,613	(28,399)
Total income tax expense	163,022	135,673	34,545
Deferred tax assets:
Pension and other retiree obligations	29,327	50,069
Inventories	21,040	17,168
Net operating loss carryforwards	82,498	115,200
Tax credit carryforwards	53,145	76,213
Other accruals and reserves	37,634	29,332
Total gross deferred tax assets	223,644	287,982
Less valuation allowance	(101,169)	(186,204)
Deferred tax assets, net	122,475	101,778
Deferred tax liabilities:
Property and equipment	(8,307)	(1,514)
Tax deductible goodwill	(6,144)	(5,412)
Earnings not permanently reinvested	(113,661)	(67,172)
Other - net	(6,879)	(1,646)
Total gross deferred tax liabilities	(134,991)	(75,744)
Deferred tax liabilities	(12,516)
Net deferred tax assets (liabilities)		26,034
Discrete Tax Items Repatriation	59,642	53,316	(190)
Discrete tax items debt extinguishment			1,563
Tax effects of changes in uncertain tax positions	(5,941)		3,751
Reconciliation of income tax expense at federal statutory rate to actual income tax provision [Abstract]
Tax at statutory rate	124,636	91,268	33,249
State income taxes, net of U.S. federal tax benefit	3,038	671	(252)
Effect of foreign operations	13,422	5,521	(9,896)
Tax on earnings not indefinitely reinvested	71,141	54,648	4,227
Unrecognized tax benefits	(4,699)	1,318	4,351
Change in valuation allowance on deferred tax asset	(58,696)	(14,921)	0
Foreign income taxable in the U.S.	14,925	9,532	7,675
Foreign tax credits	(20,408)	(9,477)	(3,520)
U.S. Base Erosion Anti-Abuse Tax	20,918	9,134	750
Change in U.S. regulations	0	(8,276)	0
Other	(1,255)	(3,745)	(2,039)
Total income tax expense	163,022	135,673	34,545
Discrete Tax Items - Release of Valuation Allowance	(33,669)	(5,714)
Net operating loss carryforwards [Abstract]
Discrete tax items included income tax expense	20,032	39,326	1,998
Available tax credit carryforwards [Abstract]
Discrete Tax Items Repatriation	(59,642)	(53,316)	190
Income tax uncertainties [Abstract]
Cash repatriated during the current period	81,243		104,091
Repatriation taxes paid	25,201		16,258
Amount of TCJA tax first installment	14,757	14,757	14,757
Unremitted foreign earnings	360,000	385,000
Net income taxes paid (refunded)	134,199	79,106	69,706
Company accrued interest and penalties related to the unrecognized tax benefits	2,587	3,747
Company recognized interest and penalties.	376	591	128
Unrecognized tax benefits [Roll Forward]
Balance at beginning of year	26,719	40,652	36,868
Addition based on tax positions related to the current year	0	141	663
Addition based on tax positions related to prior years	3,197	1,037	8,358
Currency translation adjustments	(366)	(523)
Currency translation adjustments			1,361
Reduction based on tax positions related to prior years	0	(13,154)	(3,152)
Reduction for settlements	(9,420)	(982)	(3,446)
Reduction for lapses of statute of limitation	(1,701)	(452)	0
Balance at end of year	18,429	$ 26,719	$ 40,652
2023 [Member]
Operating Loss Carryforwards [Line Items]
Expected TCJA tax payment, net	27,670
2024 [Member]
Operating Loss Carryforwards [Line Items]
Expected TCJA tax payment, net	36,893
2025 [Member]
Operating Loss Carryforwards [Line Items]
Expected TCJA tax payment, net	46,117
Minimum [Member]
Available tax credit carryforwards [Abstract]
Decrease in Unrecognized Tax Benefits is Reasonably Possible	6,088
Maximum [Member]
Available tax credit carryforwards [Abstract]
Decrease in Unrecognized Tax Benefits is Reasonably Possible	9,428
Austria [Member]
Net operating loss carryforwards [Abstract]
Net operating loss carryforward	4,319
Belgium [Member]
Net operating loss carryforwards [Abstract]
Net operating loss carryforward	149,864
Israel [Member]
Net operating loss carryforwards [Abstract]
Net operating loss carryforward	8,024
Japan [Member]
Net operating loss carryforwards [Abstract]
Net operating loss carryforward	$ 4,710
Japan [Member] \| Minimum [Member]
Net operating loss carryforwards [Abstract]
Expiration date NOL carryforward	Dec. 31, 2025
Japan [Member] \| Maximum [Member]
Net operating loss carryforwards [Abstract]
Expiration date NOL carryforward	Dec. 31, 2030
Netherlands [Member]
Net operating loss carryforwards [Abstract]
Net operating loss carryforward	$ 9,947
The Republic of China (Taiwan) [Member]
Net operating loss carryforwards [Abstract]
Net operating loss carryforward	$ 13,741
The Republic of China (Taiwan) [Member] \| Minimum [Member]
Net operating loss carryforwards [Abstract]
Expiration date NOL carryforward	Dec. 31, 2026
The Republic of China (Taiwan) [Member] \| Maximum [Member]
Net operating loss carryforwards [Abstract]
Expiration date NOL carryforward	Dec. 31, 2028
California [Member]
Net operating loss carryforwards [Abstract]
Net operating loss carryforward	$ 19,650
California [Member] \| Minimum [Member]
Net operating loss carryforwards [Abstract]
Expiration date NOL carryforward	Dec. 31, 2028
California [Member] \| Maximum [Member]
Net operating loss carryforwards [Abstract]
Expiration date NOL carryforward	Dec. 31, 2041
Pennsylvania [Member]
Net operating loss carryforwards [Abstract]
Net operating loss carryforward	$ 585,446
Pennsylvania [Member] \| Minimum [Member]
Net operating loss carryforwards [Abstract]
Expiration date NOL carryforward	Dec. 31, 2023
Pennsylvania [Member] \| Maximum [Member]
Net operating loss carryforwards [Abstract]
Expiration date NOL carryforward	Dec. 31, 2042
Research Tax Credit [Member] \| California [Member]
Net operating loss carryforwards [Abstract]
Tax credit carryforward, amount	$ 18,902
Available tax credit carryforwards [Abstract]
Tax Credit Carryforward	18,902
U.S. Foreign Tax Credit [Member]
Net operating loss carryforwards [Abstract]
Tax credit carryforward, amount	34,089
Available tax credit carryforwards [Abstract]
Tax Credit Carryforward	$ 34,089
U.S. Foreign Tax Credit [Member] \| Minimum [Member]
Net operating loss carryforwards [Abstract]
Expiration date tax credit carryforward	Dec. 31, 2028
U.S. Foreign Tax Credit [Member] \| Maximum [Member]
Net operating loss carryforwards [Abstract]
Expiration date tax credit carryforward	Dec. 31, 2030

Long-Term Debt (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Debt Instruments [Abstract]
Credit facility	$ 42,000	$ 0
Deferred financing costs	(6,407)	(9,678)
Long-term debt	500,937	455,666
Less current portion	0	0
Long-term debt, less current portion	500,937	455,666
Loss on early extinguishment of debt	0	0	$ 8,073
Interest expense [Abstract]
Contractual coupon interest			12,185
Non-cash amortization of debt discount	0	0	13,161
Other Noncash Interest Expense (Income)			1,623
Total interest expense related to the debentures			26,969
Principal amount of repurchased debt			151,546
Committed and uncommitted short-term credit lines	1,000	1,000
Aggregate annual maturities of long-term debt [Abstract]
Interest paid	13,739	14,177	15,450
Revolving Credit Facility [Member]
Line of Credit Facility [Abstract]
Line of credit facility, maximum borrowing capacity	$ 750,000
Line of credit facility, expiration date	Jun. 05, 2024
Incremental revolving commitments	$ 300,000
Basis spread on variable rate	1.50%
Commitment fees	0.25%
Investments pro forma ratio	2.75
Restricted payments pro forma ratio	2.5
Restricted payments, annual limit	$ 100,000
Restricted payments ,total limit	300,000
Restricted payments ,rollover limit	25,000
Restricted payments, unused amount	100,000
Event of default - judgment limit	50,000
Available borrowing capacity	707,061	748,931
Letters of credit outstanding	939	1,069
Convertible Senior Notes, Due 2025 [Member]
Debt Instruments [Abstract]
Convertible debt	$ 465,344	465,344
Issuance date	Jun. 12, 2018
Maturity date	Jun. 15, 2025
Cash coupon rate	2.25%
Nonconvertible debt borrowing rate at issuance	5.50%
Effective conversion rate	32.0478
Effective conversion price (in dollars per share)	$ 31.2
130% of the conversion price (in dollars per share)	$ 40.56
Debt instrument percentage of conversion price	130.00%
Debt instrument, percentage of sale price of common stock	98.00%
Maximum threshold of quarterly cash dividends per share of common stock for not adjusting conversion rate of convertible notes (in dollars per share)	$ 0.085
Purchase price of extinguished debt		128,328
Allocated liability component of repurchased debt		118,587
Allocated equity component of repurchased debt		9,741
Loss on early extinguishment of debt		4,600
Liability and equity components of convertible debentures [Abstract]
Principal amount of the convertible debt	$ 465,344
Carrying value of liability component		465,344
Interest expense [Abstract]
Contractual coupon interest	10,470	10,470	12,097
Non-cash amortization of debt discount	0	0	13,118
Other Noncash Interest Expense (Income)	1,733	1,733	1,623
Total interest expense related to the debentures	$ 12,203	12,203	26,838
Principal amount of repurchased debt		134,656
Net carrying value of repurchased debt		115,978
Convertible Senior Debentures, Due 2040 [Member]
Debt Instruments [Abstract]
Allocated liability component of repurchased debt		$ 300
Convertible Senior Debentures, Due 2041 [Member]
Debt Instruments [Abstract]
Purchase price of extinguished debt			23,355
Allocated liability component of repurchased debt			10,075
Allocated equity component of repurchased debt			13,280
Loss on early extinguishment of debt			3,473
Interest expense [Abstract]
Principal amount of repurchased debt			16,890
Net carrying value of repurchased debt			6,715
Convertible Senior Debentures [Member]
Interest expense [Abstract]
Contractual coupon interest			88
Non-cash amortization of debt discount			43
Other Noncash Interest Expense (Income)			0
Total interest expense related to the debentures			$ 131

Stockholders' Equity (Details) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
Stockholders' Equity (Details) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2022 USD ($) Vote shares
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Shares reserved (in shares)	29,767,399
Treasury Stock, Value, Acquired, Par Value Method \| $	$ 82,972
Dividends paid to stockholders \| $	57,187
Stockholder Return Policy Payments \| $	$ 140,159
Treasury Stock, Common, Shares	4,240,573
Revolving Credit Facility [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Restricted payments (annual limit) \| $	$ 100,000
Restricted payments (total limit) \| $	300,000
Restricted payments (rollover limit) \| $	$ 25,000
Restricted payments pro forma ratio	2.5
Class B Convertible Common Stock [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Voting rights per share \| Vote	10
Conversion feature	one-for-one
Shares reserved (in shares)	12,097,148
Common Stock [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Voting rights per share \| Vote	1
Restricted stock units outstanding [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Shares reserved (in shares)	894,000
Available to grant 2007 Stock Incentive Program - [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Shares reserved (in shares)	1,637,000
Phantom stock units outstanding [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Shares reserved (in shares)	226,000
Convertible Senior Notes, Due 2025 [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Shares reserved (in shares)	14,913,251

Other Income (Expense) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
Other Income (Expense) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic [Abstract]
COVID-19 Impact on COGS	$ 6,661		$ 4,563
COVID-19 Impact on SGA	546		(1,451)
COVID-19 Impact on SGA	(546)		1,451
Loss on early extinguishment of debt	0	$ 0	8,073
Principal amount of repurchased debt			151,546
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Foreign exchange gain (loss)	5,690	(2,692)	(4,095)
Interest income	7,560	1,269	3,709
Other components of net periodic pension cost	(11,090)	(13,206)	(13,613)
Investment income (expense)	(6,812)	(1,036)	2,271
Other	(200)	11	(26)
Other Income (expense)	$ (4,852)	$ (15,654)	$ (11,754)

Other Accrued Expenses (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
Other Accrued Expenses (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Other Accrued Expenses [Abstract]
Sales returns and allowances	$ 46,979	$ 39,759
Goods received, not yet invoiced	60,201	53,736
Accrued VAT taxes payable	55,010	46,240
Other	99,416	78,354
Total other accrued expenses	261,606	218,089
Sales returns and allowances accrual activity [Roll Forward]
Beginning Balance	39,759	39,629	$ 40,508
Sales allowances	102,640	89,832	88,844
Credits issued	(94,682)	(88,708)	(90,824)
Foreign currency	(738)	(994)	1,101
Ending Balance	$ 46,979	$ 39,759	$ 39,629

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Line Items]
Beginning Balance	$ (20,252)
Other comprehensive income (loss)	9,425	$ (33,811)	$ 40,205
Ending Balance	(10,827)	(20,252)
Pension and Other Post-Retirement Actuarial Items [Member]
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Line Items]
Beginning Balance	(58,908)	(77,075)	(68,020)
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications	60,949	12,592	(22,055)
Tax effect	(15,783)	(2,509)	5,288
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications, net of tax	45,166	10,083	(16,767)
Amounts reclassified out of AOCI	8,260	10,677	10,168
Tax effect	(2,116)	(2,593)	(2,456)
Amounts reclassified out of AOCI, net of tax	6,144	8,084	7,712
Other comprehensive income (loss)	51,310	18,167	(9,055)
Ending Balance	(7,598)	(58,908)	(77,075)
Currency Translation Adjustment [Member]
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Line Items]
Beginning Balance	38,656	90,634	41,374
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications	(41,885)	(51,978)	49,260
Tax effect	0	0	0
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications, net of tax	(41,885)	(51,978)	49,260
Amounts reclassified out of AOCI	0	0	0
Tax effect	0	0	0
Amounts reclassified out of AOCI, net of tax	0	0	0
Other comprehensive income (loss)	(41,885)	(51,978)	49,260
Ending Balance	(3,229)	38,656	90,634
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Member]
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Line Items]
Beginning Balance	(20,252)	13,559	(26,646)
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications	19,064	(39,386)	27,205
Tax effect	(15,783)	(2,509)	5,288
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications, net of tax	3,281	(41,895)	32,493
Amounts reclassified out of AOCI	8,260	10,677	10,168
Tax effect	(2,116)	(2,593)	(2,456)
Amounts reclassified out of AOCI, net of tax	6,144	8,084	7,712
Other comprehensive income (loss)	9,425	(33,811)	40,205
Ending Balance	$ (10,827)	$ (20,252)	$ 13,559

Pensions and Other Postretirement Benefits (Details)
$ in Thousands

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2022

USD ($)

Plan

Dec. 31, 2021

USD ($)

Dec. 31, 2020

USD ($)

Amounts recognized in balance sheet associated with retirement benefit plans [Abstract]

Included in other assets

$ 4,715

$ 3,145

Included in Payroll and related expenses

(14,368)

(9,308)

Accrued pension and other postretirement costs

(187,092)

(271,672)

Total actuarial items

^[1]

15,173

84,383

Components of actuarial items [Abstract]

Total actuarial items

^[1]

$ 15,173

84,383

Other postretirement benefits [Abstract]

Number of unfunded non-pension postretirement plans | Plan

Number of European subsidiaries with unfunded non-pension postretirement plans | Plan

Other retirement obligations [Abstract]

Company's matching expense for 401(k) savings plans

$ 7,083

6,557

$ 6,363

Deferred Compensation [Member]

Defined benefit pension plans [Abstract]

Assets held in trust

28,535

31,453

Non-qualified Pension Plans [Member]

Defined benefit pension plans [Abstract]

Assets held in trust

20,615

27,604

Defined Benefit Pension [Member] | U.S. Plans [Member]

Change in benefit obligation [Roll forward]

Benefit obligation at beginning of year

45,613

45,564

Service cost

Interest cost

1,122

1,016

1,366

Plan amendments

Actuarial (gains) losses

(7,668)

870

Benefits paid

(1,846)

(1,837)

Curtailments and settlements

Currency translation

Benefit obligation at end of year

37,221

45,613

45,564

Change in plan assets [Roll forward]

Fair value of plan assets at beginning of year

Actual return on plan assets

Company contributions

1,846

1,837

Benefits paid

(1,846)

(1,837)

Currency translation

Fair value of plan assets at end of year

Funded status at end of year

(37,221)

(45,613)

Amounts recognized in balance sheet associated with retirement benefit plans [Abstract]

Included in other assets

Included in Payroll and related expenses

(6,378)

(35)

Accrued pension and other postretirement costs

(30,843)

(45,578)

Total actuarial items

9,403

Total

(37,152)

(36,210)

Components of actuarial items [Abstract]

Unrecognized net actuarial loss (gain)

(140)

9,050

Unamortized prior service cost

209

353

Total actuarial items

9,403

Projected and accumulated benefit obligations [Abstract]

Accumulated benefit obligation, all plans

37,221

45,613

Plans for which the accumulated benefit obligation exceeds plan assets [Abstract]

Projected benefit obligation

37,221

45,613

Accumulated benefit obligation

37,221

45,613

Fair value of plan assets

Components of net periodic pension cost [Abstract]

Net service cost

Interest cost

1,122

1,016

1,366

Expected return on plan assets

Amortization of actuarial losses

1,523

2,032

1,609

Amortization of prior service (credit) cost

144

Curtailment and settlement losses

Net periodic benefit cost (benefit)

$ 2,789

$ 3,192

3,119

Weighted average assumptions used to calculate benefit obligations [Abstract]

Discount rate

5.50%

2.50%

Rate of compensation increase

0.00%

Weighted average assumptions used calculating net periodic benefit cost [Abstract]

Discount rate

2.50%

2.25%

Rate of compensation increase

0.00%

Expected return on plan assets

0.00%

Estimated future benefit payments [Abstract]

$ 8,365

3,295

3,247

8,552

3,277

9,742

Defined Benefit Pension [Member] | Non-U.S. Plans [Member]

Change in benefit obligation [Roll forward]

Benefit obligation at beginning of year

278,173

$ 307,809

Service cost

4,199

4,693

4,382

Interest cost

3,200

2,968

3,783

Plan amendments

490

Actuarial (gains) losses

(45,102)

(7,816)

Benefits paid

(16,777)

(14,773)

Curtailments and settlements

(34)

Currency translation

(20,231)

(15,164)

Benefit obligation at end of year

203,541

278,173

307,809

Change in plan assets [Roll forward]

Fair value of plan assets at beginning of year

75,920

74,334

Actual return on plan assets

790

2,792

Company contributions

13,212

13,095

Benefits paid

(16,777)

(14,773)

Currency translation

(7,525)

472

Fair value of plan assets at end of year

65,620

75,920

74,334

Funded status at end of year

(137,921)

(202,253)

Amounts recognized in balance sheet associated with retirement benefit plans [Abstract]

Included in other assets

4,715

3,145

Included in Payroll and related expenses

(6,827)

(7,602)

Accrued pension and other postretirement costs

(135,809)

(197,796)

Total actuarial items

16,392

72,437

Total

(121,529)

(129,816)

Components of actuarial items [Abstract]

Unrecognized net actuarial loss (gain)

15,628

71,632

Unamortized prior service cost

764

805

Total actuarial items

16,392

72,437

Projected and accumulated benefit obligations [Abstract]

Accumulated benefit obligation, all plans

176,056

259,087

Plans for which the accumulated benefit obligation exceeds plan assets [Abstract]

Projected benefit obligation

181,207

247,796

Accumulated benefit obligation

159,433

235,764

Fair value of plan assets

38,854

44,604

Components of net periodic pension cost [Abstract]

Net service cost

4,199

4,693

4,382

Interest cost

3,200

2,968

3,783

Expected return on plan assets

(1,725)

(1,660)

(2,004)

Amortization of actuarial losses

4,760

7,444

6,554

Amortization of prior service (credit) cost

216

189

378

Curtailment and settlement losses

1,190

632

1,148

Net periodic benefit cost (benefit)

$ 11,840

$ 14,266

14,241

Weighted average assumptions used to calculate benefit obligations [Abstract]

Discount rate

3.57%

1.19%

Rate of compensation increase

2.60%

2.07%

Weighted average assumptions used calculating net periodic benefit cost [Abstract]

Discount rate

1.19%

1.02%

Rate of compensation increase

2.07%

2.02%

Expected return on plan assets

2.96%

2.37%

Estimated future benefit payments [Abstract]

$ 15,741

14,669

15,553

17,068

15,004

70,832

Other Postretirement Benefits [Member] | U.S. Plans [Member]

Change in benefit obligation [Roll forward]

Benefit obligation at beginning of year

7,611

$ 7,723

Service cost

102

112

Interest cost

178

163

236

Actuarial (gains) losses

(2,525)

545

Benefits paid

(975)

(922)

Currency translation

Benefit obligation at end of year

4,328

7,611

7,723

Change in plan assets [Roll forward]

Fair value of plan assets at beginning of year

Fair value of plan assets at end of year

Funded status at end of year

(4,328)

(7,611)

Amounts recognized in balance sheet associated with retirement benefit plans [Abstract]

Included in Payroll and related expenses

(497)

(975)

Accrued pension and other postretirement costs

(3,831)

(6,636)

Total actuarial items

(2,031)

837

Total

(6,359)

(6,774)

Components of actuarial items [Abstract]

Unrecognized net actuarial loss (gain)

(2,031)

837

Total actuarial items

(2,031)

837

Components of net periodic pension cost [Abstract]

Net service cost

102

112

Interest cost

178

163

236

Amortization of actuarial losses

342

Curtailment and settlement losses

Net periodic benefit cost (benefit)

$ 559

$ 318

374

Weighted average assumptions used to calculate benefit obligations [Abstract]

Discount rate

5.50%

2.50%

Rate of compensation increase

0.00%

Weighted average assumptions used calculating net periodic benefit cost [Abstract]

Discount rate

2.50%

2.25%

Rate of compensation increase

0.00%

Estimated future benefit payments [Abstract]

$ 497

491

475

480

427

1,671

Other Postretirement Benefits [Member] | Non-U.S. Plans [Member]

Change in benefit obligation [Roll forward]

Benefit obligation at beginning of year

7,782

$ 8,510

Service cost

237

278

284

Interest cost

Actuarial (gains) losses

(749)

(77)

Benefits paid

(147)

(319)

Currency translation

(463)

(652)

Benefit obligation at end of year

6,715

7,782

8,510

Change in plan assets [Roll forward]

Fair value of plan assets at beginning of year

Fair value of plan assets at end of year

Funded status at end of year

(6,715)

(7,782)

Amounts recognized in balance sheet associated with retirement benefit plans [Abstract]

Included in Payroll and related expenses

(666)

(696)

Accrued pension and other postretirement costs

(6,049)

(7,086)

Total actuarial items

743

1,706

Total

(5,972)

(6,076)

Components of actuarial items [Abstract]

Unrecognized net actuarial loss (gain)

743

1,706

Total actuarial items

743

1,706

Components of net periodic pension cost [Abstract]

Net service cost

237

278

284

Interest cost

Amortization of actuarial losses

116

132

Curtailment and settlement losses

177

Net periodic benefit cost (benefit)

$ 377

$ 503

$ 657

Weighted average assumptions used to calculate benefit obligations [Abstract]

Discount rate

3.86%

0.80%

Rate of compensation increase

4.19%

2.88%

Weighted average assumptions used calculating net periodic benefit cost [Abstract]

Discount rate

0.80%

0.54%

Rate of compensation increase

2.88%

2.87%

Estimated future benefit payments [Abstract]

$ 666

246

517

185

1,278

3,607

Other Retirement Obligations [Member]

Amounts recognized in balance sheet associated with retirement benefit plans [Abstract]

Accrued pension and other postretirement costs

(10,560)

$ (14,576)

Dr. Felix Zandman [Member] | Non-qualified Pension Plans [Member]

Defined benefit pension plans [Abstract]

Assets held in trust

1,023

$ 630

Deferred compensation arrangement, annual retirement benefit to surviving spouse

$ 614

[1]	Amounts included in accumulated other comprehensive loss are presented in this table pre-tax

Stock-Based Compensation (Details) - USD ($)
$ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2022

Dec. 31, 2021

Dec. 31, 2020

Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award

Stock-based compensation expense recognized

$ 6,545

$ 6,605

$ 5,276

Unrecognized Compensation Cost

$ 3,241

Expiration date of 2007 Stock Incentive Plan

May 20, 2024

Restricted stock units [Member]

Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award

Stock-based compensation expense recognized

$ 6,323

$ 6,396

$ 5,061

Unrecognized Compensation Cost

$ 3,241

Weighted Average Remaining Amortization Periods

8 months 12 days

Number of units [Abstract]

Balance (in shares)

877,000

793,000

842,000

Granted (in shares)

336,000

319,000

272,000

Vested (in shares)

^[1]

(306,000)

(235,000)

(308,000)

Cancelled or forfeited (in shares)

(13,000)

Balance (in shares)

894,000

877,000

793,000

Expected to vest (in shares)

894,000

877,000

793,000

Weighted Average Grant-date Fair Value per Unit [Abstract]

Beginning balance, Weighted average grant-date fair value (in dollars per share)

$ 20.08

$ 18.9

$ 17.93

Granted, Weighted average grant-date fair value (in dollars per share)

19.13

22.07

18.3

Vested, Weighted average grant-date fair value (in dollars per share)

^[1]

20.04

18.79

15.7

Cancelled or forfeited, Weighted average grant date fair value (in dollars per share)

20.5

19.06

Ending balance, Weighted average grant-date fair value (in dollars per share)

$ 19.73

$ 20.08

$ 18.9

Phantom Stock Units [Member]

Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award

Stock-based compensation expense recognized

$ 222

$ 209

$ 215

Unrecognized Compensation Cost

$ 0

Weighted Average Remaining Amortization Periods

0 years

Number of units [Abstract]

Balance (in shares)

212,000

198,000

183,000

Granted (in shares)

10,000

Dividend equivalents issued (in shares)

4,000

5,000

Balance (in shares)

226,000

212,000

198,000

Weighted Average Grant-date Fair Value per Unit [Abstract]

Granted, Weighted average grant-date fair value (in dollars per share)

$ 22.2

$ 20.89

$ 21.49

Performance Vested Restricted Stock Units [Member] | Scheduled to Vest January 1, 2023 [Member]

Number of units [Abstract]

Balance (in shares)

^[2]

152,000

Expected to vest (in shares)

^[2]

152,000

Not expected to vest (in shares)

^[2]

Performance Vested Restricted Stock Units [Member] | Scheduled to Vest January 1, 2024 [Member]

Number of units [Abstract]

Balance (in shares)

165,000

Expected to vest (in shares)

165,000

Not expected to vest (in shares)

Performance Vested Restricted Stock Units [Member] | Scheduled to Vest January 1, 2025 [Member]

Number of units [Abstract]

Balance (in shares)

168,000

Expected to vest (in shares)

168,000

Not expected to vest (in shares)

2007 Stock Incentive Plan [Member]

Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award

Maximum number of shares authorized under restricted stock, unrestricted stock, RSU's and stock options to officers, employees and non-employee directors (in shares)

6,500,000

Exercisable (in shares)

Available for future grants (in shares)

1,637,000

[1]	The number of RSUs vested includes shares that the Company withheld on behalf of employees to satisfy statutory tax withholding requirements.
[2]	The performance vesting criteria for the performance-based RSUs with a vesting date of January 1, 2023 were achieved.

Commitments and Contingencies (Details) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2022 USD ($)
Environmental Matters
Accrued environmental liabilities	$ 11,446
Accrued environmental liabilities, current	$ 4,648
Environmental Loss Contingency, Current, Statement of Financial Position [Extensible Enumeration]	Other accrued expenses
Accrued environmental liabilities, noncurrent	$ 6,798
Environmental Loss Contingency, Noncurrent, Statement of Financial Position [Extensible Enumeration]	Other liabilities
Estimated purchase commitments [Abstract]
2023	$ 48,073
2024	$ 15,287
Other accrued liabilities [Member]
Environmental Matters
Environmental Loss Contingency, Current, Statement of Financial Position [Extensible Enumeration]	Other accrued expenses, Other liabilities
Other Noncurrent Liabilities [Member]
Environmental Matters
Environmental Loss Contingency, Current, Statement of Financial Position [Extensible Enumeration]	Other liabilities

Current Vulnerability Due to Certain Concentrations (Details)
$ in Thousands

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2022

USD ($)

Concentration Risks [Abstract]

Duration of business operations in Israel

52 years

Credit Concentration Risk [Member] | Cash and Cash Equivalents and Short-term Investments [Member] | Bank Leumi [Member]

Concentration Risks [Abstract]

Concentration risk percentage

10.40%

Credit Concentration Risk [Member] | Cash and Cash Equivalents and Short-term Investments [Member] | MUFG Bank Ltd. [Member]

Concentration Risks [Abstract]

Concentration risk percentage

14.40%

Credit Concentration Risk [Member] | Cash and Cash Equivalents and Short-term Investments [Member] | JPMorgan [Member]

Concentration Risks [Abstract]

Concentration risk percentage

14.80%

^[1]

Credit Concentration Risk [Member] | Cash and Cash Equivalents and Short-term Investments [Member] | Santander [Member]

Concentration Risks [Abstract]

Concentration risk percentage

12.80%

Credit Concentration Risk [Member] | Cash and Cash Equivalents and Short-term Investments [Member] | UniCredit Bank [Member]

Concentration Risks [Abstract]

Concentration risk percentage

11.00%

Geographic Concentration [Member] | Outside Of United States [Member]

Concentration Risks [Abstract]

Cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments

$ 916,041

Geographic Concentration [Member] | Cash and Cash Equivalents and Short-term Investments [Member] | Germany [Member]

Concentration Risks [Abstract]

Concentration risk percentage

36.50%

Geographic Concentration [Member] | Cash and Cash Equivalents and Short-term Investments [Member] | Singapore [Member]

Concentration Risks [Abstract]

Concentration risk percentage

11.80%

Geographic Concentration [Member] | Cash and Cash Equivalents and Short-term Investments [Member] | Israel [Member]

Concentration Risks [Abstract]

Concentration risk percentage

12.90%

Geographic Concentration [Member] | Cash and Cash Equivalents and Short-term Investments [Member] | United States [Member]

Concentration Risks [Abstract]

Concentration risk percentage

9.10%

Geographic Concentration [Member] | Cash and Cash Equivalents and Short-term Investments [Member] | The Republic of China (Taiwan) [Member]

Concentration Risks [Abstract]

Concentration risk percentage

9.10%

Geographic Concentration [Member] | Cash and Cash Equivalents and Short-term Investments [Member] | People's Republic Of China [Member]

Concentration Risks [Abstract]

Concentration risk percentage

11.10%

Geographic Concentration [Member] | Cash and Cash Equivalents and Short-term Investments [Member] | Other Asia [Member]

Concentration Risks [Abstract]

Concentration risk percentage

6.20%

Geographic Concentration [Member] | Cash and Cash Equivalents and Short-term Investments [Member] | Other Europe [Member]

Concentration Risks [Abstract]

Concentration risk percentage

2.30%

Geographic Concentration [Member] | Cash and Cash Equivalents and Short-term Investments [Member] | Other [Member]

Concentration Risks [Abstract]

Concentration risk percentage

1.00%

Geographic Concentration [Member] | Revenue [Member] | Outside Of United States [Member]

Concentration Risks [Abstract]

Concentration risk percentage

71.00%

Customer Concentration Risk [Member] | Accounts Receivable [Member] | Customer One [Member]

Concentration Risks [Abstract]

Concentration risk percentage

10.20%

[1]	Participant in Credit Facility

Segment and Geographic Data (Details) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
Segment and Geographic Data (Details) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2022 USD ($) Segment	Dec. 31, 2021 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2020 USD ($)
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Number of reporting segments \| Segment	6
Net revenues	$ 3,497,401	$ 3,240,487	$ 2,501,898
Segment Operating Income	917,431	750,621	455,942
Depreciation expense	155,864	159,247	158,117
Capital expenditures	325,308	218,372	123,599
Total Assets	3,865,653	3,543,257	3,154,473
Distributors [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net revenues	2,019,842	1,902,499	1,328,953
OEMs [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net revenues	1,229,114	1,138,569	1,003,090
EMS companies [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net revenues	248,445	199,419	169,855
Industrial [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net revenues	1,377,043	1,269,150	864,032
Automotive [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net revenues	1,067,499	994,039	796,853
Telecommunications [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net revenues	119,887	100,651	109,001
Computing [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net revenues	225,746	245,463	204,166
Consumer Products [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net revenues	182,884	165,384	118,896
Power Supplies [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net revenues	175,456	165,190	116,966
Military and Aerospace [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net revenues	215,078	170,484	162,484
Medical [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net revenues	133,808	130,126	129,500
Customers [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net revenues	3,497,401	3,240,487	2,501,898
Asia [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net revenues	1,348,804	1,357,583	1,017,160
Asia [Member] \| Customers [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net revenues	1,347,893	1,392,267	1,028,073
Europe [Member] \| Customers [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net revenues	1,146,898	1,072,025	854,847
Americas [Member] \| Customers [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net revenues	1,002,610	776,195	618,978
MOSFETS [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net revenues	762,260	667,998	501,380
Segment Operating Income	228,692	148,652	76,548
Depreciation expense	30,551	30,257	30,835
Capital expenditures	90,297	44,227	18,621
Total Assets	672,048	503,937	447,867
Diodes [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net revenues	765,220	709,416	502,548
Segment Operating Income	176,422	145,814	69,663
Depreciation expense	40,014	40,406	39,380
Capital expenditures	69,126	45,772	31,960
Total Assets	814,017	815,751	704,606
Optoelectronic Components [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net revenues	296,384	302,714	236,616
Segment Operating Income	85,456	82,378	50,369
Depreciation expense	14,065	14,585	16,003
Capital expenditures	27,776	25,068	12,873
Total Assets	385,388	377,815	341,517
Resistors [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net revenues	832,806	752,554	606,183
Segment Operating Income	235,259	190,953	130,700
Depreciation expense	34,903	34,344	32,531
Capital expenditures	76,702	57,729	21,298
Total Assets	861,870	783,390	693,251
Inductors [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net revenues	331,086	335,638	293,629
Segment Operating Income	93,453	97,482	82,472
Depreciation expense	14,927	14,448	13,821
Capital expenditures	35,102	24,377	20,730
Total Assets	322,893	355,353	330,092
Capacitors [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net revenues	509,645	472,167	361,542
Segment Operating Income	104,810	85,342	50,753
Depreciation expense	14,286	17,129	17,349
Capital expenditures	15,214	13,099	11,198
Total Assets	496,924	496,129	438,906
Corporate / Other [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net revenues	0	0	0
Segment Operating Income	(6,661)	0	(4,563)
Depreciation expense	7,118	8,078	8,198
Capital expenditures	11,091	8,100	6,919
Total Assets	$ 312,513	$ 210,882	$ 198,234

Segment and Geographic Data, Operating Margin Reconciliation (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Operating margin reconciliation [Abstract]
Segment Operating Income	$ 917,431	$ 750,621	$ 455,942
Restructuring and Severance Costs	0	0	(743)
Impact of COVID-19 pandemic	(546)	0	1,451
Consolidated Operating Income (Loss)	615,486	467,802	209,710
Unallocated Other Income (Expense)	(21,981)	(33,192)	(51,382)
Consolidated Income Before Taxes	593,505	434,610	158,328
Segment Reconciling Items [Member]
Operating margin reconciliation [Abstract]
Segment Operating Income	$ (301,399)	$ (282,819)	$ (246,940)

- Definition

Amount of income (loss) from continuing operations, including income (loss) from equity method investments, before deduction of income tax expense (benefit), and income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interest.

+ References

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 280
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 32
-Subparagraph (c)
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=126901519&loc=d3e8933-108599

Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 280
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 30
-Subparagraph (b)
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=126901519&loc=d3e8906-108599

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+ Details

Segment and Geographic Data, Revenue and assets by geographic area (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]
Net revenues	$ 3,497,401	$ 3,240,487	$ 2,501,898
Property and equipment, net	1,130,459	979,479
United States [Member]
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]
Net revenues	974,503	750,862	592,460
Property and equipment, net	144,112	115,036
Germany [Member]
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]
Net revenues	1,005,796	976,907	772,194
Property and equipment, net	229,449	203,414
Other Europe [Member]
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]
Net revenues	142,454	134,773	103,475
Property and equipment, net	118,672	110,859
Israel [Member]
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]
Net revenues	25,844	20,362	16,609
Property and equipment, net	87,174	76,057
Asia [Member]
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]
Net revenues	1,348,804	1,357,583	$ 1,017,160
People's Republic of China [Member]
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]
Property and equipment, net	250,669	218,721
Republic of China (Taiwan) [Member]
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]
Property and equipment, net	192,456	168,165
Other Asia [Member]
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]
Property and equipment, net	98,332	81,741
Other Geographic Area [Member]
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]
Property and equipment, net	$ 9,595	$ 5,486

Earnings Per Share (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Numerator [Abstract]
Net earnings (loss) attributable to Vishay stockholders	$ 428,810	$ 297,970	$ 122,923
Denominator for basic earnings (loss) per share [Abstract]
Weighted average shares (in shares)	143,176	144,796	144,641
Outstanding phantom stock units (in shares)	223	209	195
Adjusted weighted average shares - basic (in shares)	143,399	145,005	144,836
Effect of dilutive securities [Abstract]
Convertible debt instruments (in shares)	0	2	30
Restricted stock units (in shares)	516	488	362
Dilutive potential common shares (in shares)	516	490	392
Denominator for diluted earnings (loss) per share [Abstract]
Adjusted weighted average shares - diluted (in shares)	143,915	145,495	145,228
Basic earnings (loss) per share attributable to Vishay stockholders (in dollars per share)	$ 2.99	$ 2.05	$ 0.85
Diluted earnings (loss) per share attributable to Vishay stockholders (in dollars per share)	$ 2.98	$ 2.05	$ 0.85
Convertible Senior Debentures, Due 2041 [Member]
Antidilutive Securities [Abstract]
Antidilutive securities (in shares)	0	0	100
Convertible Senior Notes, Due 2025 [Member]
Antidilutive Securities [Abstract]
Antidilutive securities (in shares)	0	0	17,062
Weighted average other [Member]
Antidilutive Securities [Abstract]
Antidilutive securities (in shares)	251	279	341

Additional Cash Flow Information (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of effect of businesses acquired [Abstract]
Accounts receivable	$ (26,696)	$ (67,707)	$ 4,662
Inventories	(119,595)	(121,492)	(24,204)
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	(11,380)	(35,377)	12,692
Accounts payable	(61,665)	61,481	18,485
Other current liabilities	77,223	79,683	6,157
Net change in operating assets and liabilities	$ (142,113)	$ (83,412)	$ 17,792

Fair Value Measurements (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
Fair Value Measurements (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Assets:
Other than Temporary Impairment Losses, Investments, Held-to-maturity Securities	$ 0	$ 0
Held-to-maturity Securities, Unrecognized Holding Gain	0	0
Held-to-maturity Securities, Unrecognized Holding Loss	0	0
Held-to-maturity Securities, Transferred Security, at Carrying Value	0	0
Liabilities:
Long-term Debt	507,344	465,344
Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member]
Assets:
Assets held in rabbi trusts	50,173	59,687
Available for sale securities	3,677	4,455
Precious metals	1,252
Fair Value Assets	120,722	140,062
Liabilities:
Contingent consideration fair value	6,870
Defined Benefit Pension Plans [Member] \| Foreign Plan [Member]
Assets:
Fair value of plan assets	65,620	75,920	$ 74,334
Defined Benefit Pension Plans [Member] \| Foreign Plan [Member] \| Equity Securities [Member] \| Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member]
Assets:
Fair value of plan assets	5,876	10,627
Defined Benefit Pension Plans [Member] \| Foreign Plan [Member] \| Fixed Income Securities [Member] \| Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member]
Assets:
Fair value of plan assets	18,406	19,690
Defined Benefit Pension Plans [Member] \| Foreign Plan [Member] \| Cash and Cash Equivalents [Member] \| Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member]
Assets:
Fair value of plan assets	41,338	45,603
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1 [Member] \| Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member]
Assets:
Assets held in rabbi trusts	27,168	32,713
Available for sale securities	3,677	4,455
Precious metals	1,252
Fair Value Assets	97,717	113,088
Liabilities:
Contingent consideration fair value	0
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1 [Member] \| Defined Benefit Pension Plans [Member] \| Foreign Plan [Member] \| Equity Securities [Member] \| Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member]
Assets:
Fair value of plan assets	5,876	10,627
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1 [Member] \| Defined Benefit Pension Plans [Member] \| Foreign Plan [Member] \| Fixed Income Securities [Member] \| Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member]
Assets:
Fair value of plan assets	18,406	19,690
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1 [Member] \| Defined Benefit Pension Plans [Member] \| Foreign Plan [Member] \| Cash and Cash Equivalents [Member] \| Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member]
Assets:
Fair value of plan assets	41,338	45,603
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 [Member]
Liabilities:
Long-term Debt, Fair Value	491,100	485,500
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 [Member] \| Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member]
Assets:
Assets held in rabbi trusts	23,005	26,974
Available for sale securities	0	0
Precious metals	0
Fair Value Assets	23,005	26,974
Liabilities:
Contingent consideration fair value	0
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 [Member] \| Defined Benefit Pension Plans [Member] \| Foreign Plan [Member] \| Equity Securities [Member] \| Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member]
Assets:
Fair value of plan assets	0	0
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 [Member] \| Defined Benefit Pension Plans [Member] \| Foreign Plan [Member] \| Fixed Income Securities [Member] \| Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member]
Assets:
Fair value of plan assets	0	0
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 [Member] \| Defined Benefit Pension Plans [Member] \| Foreign Plan [Member] \| Cash and Cash Equivalents [Member] \| Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member]
Assets:
Fair value of plan assets	0	0
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 3 [Member] \| Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member]
Assets:
Assets held in rabbi trusts	0	0
Available for sale securities	0	0
Precious metals	0
Fair Value Assets	0	0
Liabilities:
Contingent consideration fair value	6,870
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 3 [Member] \| Defined Benefit Pension Plans [Member] \| Foreign Plan [Member] \| Equity Securities [Member] \| Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member]
Assets:
Fair value of plan assets	0	0
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 3 [Member] \| Defined Benefit Pension Plans [Member] \| Foreign Plan [Member] \| Fixed Income Securities [Member] \| Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member]
Assets:
Fair value of plan assets	0	0
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 3 [Member] \| Defined Benefit Pension Plans [Member] \| Foreign Plan [Member] \| Cash and Cash Equivalents [Member] \| Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member]
Assets:
Fair value of plan assets	$ 0	$ 0

Related Party Transactions (Details)	12 Months Ended
Related Party Transactions (Details)	Dec. 31, 2022
Common Class B [Member]
Spin-off of Vishay Precision Group, Inc. [Abstract]
Ratio for stock dividend for Vishay Precision Group, Inc	1 share of VPG Class B common stock for every 14 shares of Vishay Class B common stock
Common Stock [Member]
Spin-off of Vishay Precision Group, Inc. [Abstract]
Ratio for stock dividend for Vishay Precision Group, Inc	1 share of VPG common stock for every 14 shares of Vishay common stock